Technology
Innovative Eyewear Launches Reebok® Smart Eyewear
MIAMI, April 28, 2025 /PRNewswire/ — Innovative Eyewear Inc. (NASDAQ: LUCY), the developer of smart eyewear under the Lucyd®, Nautica®, Eddie Bauer® and Reebok® brands, today announced the launch of Reebok Smart Eyewear, available worldwide on Lucyd.co. Expanded availability is expected later this quarter on Reebok.com and select online and traditional retailers. A Landmark Product […]

MIAMI, April 28, 2025 /PRNewswire/ — Innovative Eyewear Inc. (NASDAQ: LUCY), the developer of smart eyewear under the Lucyd®, Nautica®, Eddie Bauer® and Reebok® brands, today announced the launch of Reebok Smart Eyewear, available worldwide on Lucyd.co. Expanded availability is expected later this quarter on Reebok.com and select online and traditional retailers.
A Landmark Product Launch
Reebok Powered by Lucyd
Image courtesy of Innovative Eyewear, Inc.
Micah Richards sporting the Reebok Nitrous style. Courtesy of Innovative Eyewear, Inc.
The global smart glasses market is projected to reach approximately $13 billion worldwide by 20301. We believe Reebok Powered by Lucyd smart eyewear positions Innovative Eyewear at the forefront of this rapidly accelerating transition from traditional eyewear to smart, connected, voice-powered solutions.
Reebok smart eyewear features custom high-fidelity speakers, powerful amplifiers, and equalizers specifically tuned for outdoor activities and sports environments, deliver exceptional audio clarity while maintaining environmental awareness—a critical safety feature for athletes and urban pedestrians.
“We believe this launch represents a watershed moment for the entire smart eyewear category,” said Harrison Gross, CEO of Innovative Eyewear. “We’re pioneering the smart sport eyewear segment with AI-integrated eyewear that enhances athletic performance, while fulfilling our longstanding mission to deliver smart upgrades to every major type of eyewear: sunglasses, optical, sport, and safety.”
Global Distribution Strategy
Innovative Eyewear has a global distribution strategy beginning with MTB Mexico, a premier technology distributor across Latin America.
“We are extremely proud to partner with Innovative Eyewear to bring Reebok Smart Eyewear to the Latin American market,” said Mauricio Avelar, Director General at MTB Mexico. “This innovative product perfectly complements our portfolio and meets growing consumer demand for smart, lifestyle-integrated technology across our distribution network, including major retailers in Mexico.”
This partnership marks the first in a series of planned collaborations with leading distributors worldwide.
The product’s cross-category appeal has generated significant interest from both sporting goods retailers and consumer electronics chains across multiple continents, reflecting its unique position at the intersection of fashion, technology, and athletic performance. This versatility positions Reebok Smart Eyewear for success across diverse retail environments, from premium optical shops to high-end electronics stores.
Celebrity Endorsement
Micah Richards, former Manchester City football star and Olympic athlete turned sports analyst, is a brand ambassador for Lucyd and is featured prominently in launch photography and promotional materials for the Reebok smart eyewear line.
“In my career, both on the pitch and now as a broadcaster, I’ve always prioritized performance and style,” said Mr. Richards. “What impressed me most about Reebok Smart Eyewear isn’t just how good they look — it’s that I can stay connected without losing awareness of what’s happening around me. Whether I’m cycling through the city, hitting the gym, or calling a match, these glasses keep me in tune with both my surroundings and my digital life in a way that traditional headphones never could.”
Order your pair at Lucyd.co, and join us for a live YouTube launch event with a special promo offer at noon EST today, April 28, 2025.
About Innovative Eyewear, Inc.
Innovative Eyewear is a developer of cutting-edge ChatGPT enabled smart eyewear, under the Lucyd®, Nautica®, Eddie Bauer® and Reebok® brands. True to our mission to Upgrade Your Eyewear®, our Bluetooth audio glasses allow users to stay safely and ergonomically connected to their digital lives and are offered in hundreds of frame and lens combinations to meet the needs of the optical market. To learn more and explore our continuously evolving collection of smart eyewear, please visit www.lucyd.co.
About Reebok
Reebok is an iconic and irreverent sports culture brand with a rich and storied fitness heritage dating back to 1895. Founded on athletic footwear that changed the direction of sport, Reebok continues to introduce innovations that propel the industry forward. Today, Reebok sits at the intersection of active, lifestyle and sport, offering high quality and modern styles that are adaptable for every occasion. The brand strives to deliver every athlete, from professionals to enthusiasts, with the opportunity, products and inspiration to reach their full potential. Reebok currently operates in 80 countries with approximately 400 freestanding stores around the world.
For more information, visit Reebok.com or, for the latest news at News.Reebok.com. Discover Reebok on Instagram, Twitter and Youtube.
Forward-Looking Statements
This press release contains certain forward-looking statements, including those relating to the anticipated launch of Reebok Powered by Lucyd and our position in the smart eyewear market. Forward-looking statements are based on the Company’s current expectations and assumptions. The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a safe-harbor for forward-looking statements. These statements may be identified by the use of forward-looking expressions, including, but not limited to, “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue,” “estimate,” “expect,” “future,” “intend,” “may,” “outlook,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “should,” “will,” “would” and similar expressions that predict or indicate future events or trends or that are not statements of historical matters, but the absence of these words does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding the expected launch date for the new smart safety eyewear connection. The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements are set forth in the Company’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including its annual report on Form 10-K under the caption “Risk Factors.”
Citation
1) https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/smart-glass-market#:~:text=The%20global%20smart%20glass%20market%20is%20expected%20to%20grow%20at,USD%2012.76%20billion%20by%202030.
Investor Relations Contact:
Scott Powell, Skyline Corporate Communications Group, LLC
+1 (646) 893-5835 | [email protected]
Media Contact:
Society22 PR
Email: [email protected]
SOURCE Innovative Eyewear, Inc.
Technology
Massive Multiplayer Online Games Market Size
Report Overview The Global Massive Multiplayer Online (MMO) Games Market size is expected to be worth around USD 113.69 billion by 2034, from USD 41.89 billion in 2024, growing at a CAGR of 10.5% during the forecast period from 2025 to 2034. In 2024, Asia Pacific held a dominant market position, capturing more than a 44% share, holding USD […]

Report Overview
The Global Massive Multiplayer Online (MMO) Games Market size is expected to be worth around USD 113.69 billion by 2034, from USD 41.89 billion in 2024, growing at a CAGR of 10.5% during the forecast period from 2025 to 2034. In 2024, Asia Pacific held a dominant market position, capturing more than a 44% share, holding USD 18.4 billion in revenue.
The market for Massive Multiplayer Online (MMO) games is primarily driven by the increasing demand for immersive, social, and interactive gaming experiences. As internet access and mobile device penetration continue to rise globally, more players are drawn to the dynamic, community-driven environments that MMOs provide.
Consumer demand is being driven by a desire for immersive, persistent experiences and deep social interaction through guilds, events, and collaborative gameplay. The convenience and ubiquity of mobile devices, combined with the cloud and subscription-based access, attract diverse demographics beyond the traditional hardcore gamer segment.
For instance, In January 2025, South Korea’s gaming sector gained momentum as Nexon unveiled a new MMO project integrating advanced AI and cloud gaming features. This move reflects Nexon’s strategic push to enhance immersive gameplay and strengthen its position in both domestic and global MMO markets.
Investment in these technologies is being driven by their ability to lower hardware costs, expand audience reach, and enhance player retention. Cloud adoption enables flexible scaling and global accessibility, while AI integration fosters deeper engagement through intelligent matchmaking and adaptive game environments. Energy efficiency aligns with broader sustainability goals, which can be monetized through consumer goodwill and cost savings.
Business benefits include extended user lifecycles through recurring revenue models, strengthened brand loyalty via community building, and diversified monetization channels (e.g. free‑to‑play with in‑game purchases). Additionally, advancements in sustainability and safety can enhance reputation and comply with social and regulatory expectations.
Key Insights Summary
- The global MMO games market is projected to grow from USD 41.89 billion (2024) to USD 113.69 billion by 2034, registering a CAGR of 10.5%.
- In 2024, the Asia Pacific region led the market with over 44% share, generating USD 18.4 billion in revenue.
- China alone contributed USD 13.5 billion, growing at a CAGR of 8.3%.
- By genre, Massively Multiplayer Online RPGs (MMORPGs) dominated with a 34% share.
- Mobile platforms led usage, accounting for 41% of total market revenue.
- The Free-to-Play (F2P) model remained most popular, capturing a 48% share of the revenue model segment.
China MMO Games Market Size
The market for Massive Multiplayer Online (MMO) Games within China is growing tremendously and is currently valued at USD 13.5 billion, the market has a projected CAGR of 8.3%. China’s growing market for Massive Multiplayer Online (MMO) games is largely due to its expanding internet connectivity, tech-savvy youth, and increasing interest in online sports.
The demand for mobile gaming in China is driven by its thriving culture, which is heavily connected to online gaming and competitive gaming. In addition, government support for digital entertainment and the development of high-speed internet and 5G networks are key factors driving the growth of MMOs.
For instance, In June 2025, Tencent was reportedly considering the acquisition of Nexon, a well-known MMO game developer. This strategic move could enhance Tencent’s MMO portfolio and reinforce its global market presence. By tapping into Nexon’s successful franchises, Tencent aims to solidify its leadership in the highly competitive MMO gaming industry.
In 2024, Asia Pacific held a dominant market position in the Global Massive Multiplayer Online (MMO) Games Market, capturing more than a 44% share, holding USD 18.4 billion in revenue. This region is in a dominant position due to a rapidly growing gamer population, widespread mobile device adoption, and advanced digital infrastructure.
It benefits from low-cost smartphones, high bandwidth, and the growing popularity of mobile gaming, which makes MMOs accessible to many. In addition, a strong esports culture, continuous innovation in gaming technology, and robust community engagement have reinforced Asia Pacific’s leadership, with China playing a pivotal role in this growth.
For instance, in October 2024, a leak revealed that Nintendo is planning to launch a Minecraft-style MMO for the Switch, which will allow players to build, explore, and interact in an open-world environment. The game, which is expected to be available through Nintendo Switch Online, will feature a blend of sandbox gameplay and multiplayer features, offering a dynamic, collaborative gaming experience.
Genre Analysis
In 2024, the Massively Multiplayer Online RPGs (MMORPGs) segment held a dominant market position, capturing a 34% share of the Global Massive Multiplayer Online (MMO) Games Market. The MMORPG market’s dominance is due to the genre’s unique ability to provide engaging, long-lasting gaming experiences with complex plotlines, detailed character development, and expansive online virtual worlds.
The ability of MMORPGs to create strong player groups is crucial for maintaining a sense of community and participation among players. Through the sustained success of flagship titles, as well as frequent additions to the content and inclusion of advanced social features, this popularity has further enhanced the genre’s appeal and solidified its position as a dominant force in the global MMO gaming market.
For instance, In April 2025, the creators of Axie Infinity announced the shutdown of Project T, their MMO RPG initiative. The closure was attributed to difficulties in aligning the game’s blockchain-based economic model with sustained player engagement. This outcome underscores the ongoing challenges in merging blockchain mechanics with MMORPG design, particularly in maintaining long-term user retention and balanced virtual economies.
Platform Analysis
In 2025, the Mobile segment held a dominant market position, capturing a 41% share of the Global Massive Multiplayer Online (MMO) Games Market. The increase in demand for MMO experiences has been largely driven by the widespread use of smartphones, improved internet connectivity, and mobility for gaming.
This growth has also been supplemented by the introduction of free-to-play models, cross-platform functionality, and ongoing improvements to mobile graphics and performance. Also, due to the popularity of multiplayer and social aspects, as well as regular content updates and active community engagement, mobile has become the preferred platform for many MMO enthusiasts.
For instance, in February 2025, Nexon reported a record annual revenue of ¥446.2 billion (~$3 billion), driven largely by the continued success of Dungeon Fighter Online (DFO), which saw significant growth in both its mobile and PC versions. The strong performance of DFO helped Nexon maintain its position as a leader in the MMO market.
Revenue Model Analysis
In 2024, the Free-to-Play (F2P) segment held a dominant market position, capturing a 48% share of the Global Massive Multiplayer Online (MMO) Games Market. This dominance is due to the widespread appeal of F2P models, which lower the barrier to entry for players, allowing anyone to access the game without upfront costs.
Additionally, the revenue generated through in-game purchases, such as virtual goods, cosmetics, and microtransactions, has proven highly profitable. Regular content updates, seasonal events, and the integration of social features also contribute to strong player retention and continuous monetization opportunities, reinforcing the F2P model’s market leadership.
For Instance, in June 2025, NetEase Games introduced custom servers for Once Human, a popular free-to-play survival crafting game. These custom servers allow players to adjust various game parameters, such as PvE/PvP scenarios and difficulty levels, offering a more tailored experience. This move enhances the game’s accessibility and player engagement by providing a highly customizable gameplay environment.
Key Market Segments
By Genre
- Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games (MMORPGs)
- MMO First-Person Shooter (MMOFPS)
- MMO Real-Time Strategy (MMORTS)
- MMO Battle Royale
- Simulation & Sports MMO
- Social/Casual MMO
By Platform
- PC
- Console
- Mobile
- Cloud Gaming Platforms
By Revenue Model
- Subscription-based
- Free-to-Play (F2P)
- Buy-to-Play
- Hybrid Models
- NFT/Play-to-Earn (P2E)
Drivers
Growing Popularity of Esports
Esports has become a major player in the MMO industry, sparking heightened interest and involvement. Games such as League of Legends and Dota 2 have shifted from being recreational activities to large-scale arenas with audiences across the globe.
Besides building up loyal fan bases, this trend generates revenue through sponsorships, advertising, and merchandise sales. The esports framework has elevated MMOs’ status as a top entertainment spectacle, attracting sponsorships from major companies and drawing in mainstream media attention.
For instance, in September 2023, the Odin Cup garnered significant attention, showcasing the immense potential of the MMO market in Southeast Asia, particularly within esports. The event highlighted the region’s growing appetite for competitive gaming, with Odin: Valhalla Rising leading the charge in attracting both players and audiences.
Restraint
Security and Privacy Concerns
Security and privacy concerns remain a major challenge for MMO developers. The online gaming industry is a prime target of hackers, fraudsters, and data breaches that expose compromising personal information. The reputation of a game can be severely damaged by these events, which can lead to lowered player confidence and ultimately result in the loss of users.
The implementation of robust cybersecurity measures and data safeguarding practices is essential for developers to ensure that their players are protected by regulations and minimize data risks. For instance, in December 2023, Street Mobster, a popular MMO game, was found to have a significant data breach, exposing the personal information of over 2 million players.
The leaked data included sensitive details such as usernames, passwords, and email addresses, which raised serious concerns about the game’s security protocols. This incident highlights the ongoing risks of data security in online gaming environments and underscores the importance of robust protection measures to safeguard player privacy in the increasingly connected MMO market.
Opportunities
Community and Social Features
As gaming becomes more social, MMOs are leveraging the benefits of community-based features. A stronger connection to social media platforms, collaborations with influencers, and the development of in-game communities create immersive environments that foster player involvement and commitment.
Through word-of-mouth, these characteristics drive organic growth and foster long-term retention as players become socially enticed by the game. MMOs that promote seamless social interactions both within and beyond the game can enhance user relationships, leading to increased engagement and revenue.
For instance, in April 2025, Ronin Games announced a collaboration with Forgotten Runiverse and Pixels to bring influencer-driven content into their MMO ecosystem. This partnership aims to integrate exclusive in-game content, such as limited-edition skins and events, which are promoted through influencer channels.
By leveraging the reach of popular content creators, the collaboration not only enhances player engagement but also taps into new audiences, further highlighting the growing trend of influencer partnerships in the MMO space to drive engagement and monetization.
Challenges
Intense Competition from New Entrants
The MMO arena is a highly competitive field, with both established franchises and emerging developers competing fiercely. The presence of new and exciting competitions can undermine the authority of established games, making it more challenging for any championship to maintain a dominant position.
Classic MMOs face a challenge from new competitors who bring in fresh gameplay mechanics, narratives, and monetization strategies to retain their audience. In this highly competitive atmosphere, it is imperative to constantly adjust and evolve to meet the changing preferences and demands of players.
For instance, in October 2024, Nintendo announced it is developing a new MMO-style game aimed at competing with popular titles like Minecraft and Roblox. The game, which is expected to feature expansive open-world mechanics, user-generated content, and multiplayer interactions, will target a broad audience, including younger players.
This strategic move positions Nintendo to tap into the growing market of social and sandbox gaming, combining its rich history in family-friendly entertainment with the growing demand for immersive, online multiplayer experiences.
Latest Trends
Innovations in Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR), and 5G connectivity are significantly enhancing the MMO gaming experience. AR and VR have created virtual experiences that are so immersive and visually stunning that gamers can experience them in real life without having to go through the physical stuff.
Additionally, 5G and faster internet speeds are reducing lag and improving the responsiveness of multiplayer games, enabling real-time connections between players. Both developers and players are now able to utilize the innovations to unlock more profound, captivating gameplay possibilities in the MMO realm.
For instance, in May 2020, Bublar announced the soft launch of Otherworld Heroes, a location-based augmented reality (AR) MMORPG. This innovative game integrates AR technology to create immersive, real-world environments where players can interact with virtual elements overlaid onto their surroundings. The use of AR in Otherworld Heroes enhances the traditional MMO experience by blending the digital and physical worlds, offering a more engaging and dynamic gameplay experience.
Key Regions and Countries
- North America
- Europe
- Germany
- France
- The UK
- Spain
- Italy
- Russia
- Netherlands
- Rest of Europe
- Asia Pacific
- China
- Japan
- South Korea
- India
- Australia
- Singapore
- Thailand
- Vietnam
- Rest of APAC
- Latin America
- Brazil
- Mexico
- Rest of Latin America
- Middle East & Africa
- South Africa
- Saudi Arabia
- UAE
- Rest of MEA
Key Players Analysis
Activision Blizzard Inc., Electronic Arts Inc., and Ubisoft Entertainment SA lead the MMO games market with strong global IPs and recurring content updates. Their focus on live-service models and cross-platform play drives long-term player engagement. NCSOFT Corporation and Giant Interactive Group Inc. maintain a solid presence in Asia, supported by culturally tailored MMORPGs and loyal user bases.
In June 2024, NCSOFT, in collaboration with Amazon Games, launched Throne and Liberty, a free-to-play MMORPG across PC, PlayStation 5, and Xbox Series X|S. Featuring a dynamic open world with changing weather and seasons, the game offers immersive PvP and PvE gameplay. This launch marks a key milestone for NCSOFT, reinforcing its competitive standing in the global MMO gaming market.
Tencent Holdings Limited, Amazon Game Studios, and Nexon Co. Ltd are investing in cloud gaming and cross-device features. Jagex Limited and Bright Star Studios focus on player-centric design, offering deep storytelling and persistent online worlds that appeal to core MMO players.
Daybreak Game Company, CCP Games UK Ltd, and Neteasegames Inc. rely on genre diversity and real-time events to retain users. Aeria Games and Gravity Corporation expand in mobile-friendly and emerging markets. Other players are exploring blockchain, NFTs, and player-owned assets, pushing the MMO market toward decentralized, creator-driven experiences.
Top Key Players in the Market
- Activision Blizzard Inc.
- Electronic Arts Inc.
- Ubisoft Entertainment SA
- NCSOFT Corporation
- Giant Interactive Group Inc.
- Tencent Holdings Limited
- Amazon Game Studios
- Nexon Co. Ltd
- Jagex Limited
- Bright Star Studios
- Daybreak Game Company
- CCP games UK Ltd
- Netease Games Inc.
- Aeria Games
- Gravity Corporation
- Others
Recent Developments
- In July 2024, Amazon Game Studios announced significant updates for New World, their MMORPG, introducing new content and gameplay features to enhance the player experience. The update focused on expanding the game’s world with additional zones, quests, and PvP modes.
- In October 2023, Activision Blizzard plans to introduce several of its popular games to Xbox Game Pass, expanding accessibility for players on Microsoft’s platform in 2024. This move follows the company’s acquisition by Microsoft and aims to enhance the reach of Activision’s game library, which includes highly successful franchises like Call of Duty and World of Warcraft.
Report Scope
Technology
Anthropic wins ruling on AI training in copyright lawsuit but must face trial on pirated books
By MATT O’BRIEN In a test case for the artificial intelligence industry, a federal judge has ruled that AI company Anthropic didn’t break the law by training its chatbot Claude on millions of copyrighted books. But the company is still on the hook and must now go to trial over how it acquired those books […]

By MATT O’BRIEN
In a test case for the artificial intelligence industry, a federal judge has ruled that AI company Anthropic didn’t break the law by training its chatbot Claude on millions of copyrighted books.
Technology
Kroger plans to close 60 US stores in 18 months to improve profits – East Bay Times
By DEE-ANN DURBIN, Associated Press Kroger plans to close around 60 U.S. grocery stores over the next 18 months to improve efficiency. The Cincinnati, Ohio-based company announced the plan during a corporate earnings call last Friday. The company hasn’t said which stores it plans to shutter, but said the closures will happen around the country. […]

By DEE-ANN DURBIN, Associated Press
Kroger plans to close around 60 U.S. grocery stores over the next 18 months to improve efficiency.
The Cincinnati, Ohio-based company announced the plan during a corporate earnings call last Friday. The company hasn’t said which stores it plans to shutter, but said the closures will happen around the country. It also said employees at impacted stores will be offered jobs at other locations.
Technology
Lehigh Valley tech company Shift4 makes deal for Smartpay
Shift4 announced Sunday that it is acquiring a New Zealand credit card processing company. It is the Upper Saucon Township payments and commerce technology company’s first major transaction since Taylor Lauber became CEO this month. The deal, which was conducted in New Zealand dollars, is worth about $180 million. Smartpay sells tailored payment solutions in […]

Shift4 announced Sunday that it is acquiring a New Zealand credit card processing company. It is the Upper Saucon Township payments and commerce technology company’s first major transaction since Taylor Lauber became CEO this month.
The deal, which was conducted in New Zealand dollars, is worth about $180 million. Smartpay sells tailored payment solutions in Australia and New Zealand with more than 40,000 merchants in the region. The acquisition is expected to close in the fourth quarter of 2025, subject to regulatory approvals.
“This acquisition follows the Shift4 playbook to a tee,” Lauber said. “It deepens our strategic presence in Australia and New Zealand, providing a significant opportunity to offer our full suite of software and payments solutions in the region.”
Lauber was named the next CEO after company founder Jared Isaacman was nominated to lead NASA. After the nomination was withdrawn, Isaacman became executive chair.
In trading Tuesday, Shift4 shares were up 4.6% to $97.89.
Originally Published:
Technology
Fitness Trackers Aren’t Accurate For People With Obesity | Health
State AlabamaAlaskaArizonaArkansasCaliforniaColoradoConnecticutDelawareFloridaGeorgiaHawaiiIdahoIllinoisIndianaIowaKansasKentuckyLouisianaMaineMarylandMassachusettsMichiganMinnesotaMississippiMissouriMontanaNebraskaNevadaNew HampshireNew JerseyNew MexicoNew YorkNorth CarolinaNorth DakotaOhioOklahomaOregonPennsylvaniaRhode IslandSouth CarolinaSouth DakotaTennesseeTexasUtahVermontVirginiaWashingtonWashington D.C.West VirginiaWisconsinWyomingPuerto RicoUS Virgin IslandsArmed Forces AmericasArmed Forces PacificArmed Forces EuropeNorthern Mariana IslandsMarshall IslandsAmerican SamoaFederated States of MicronesiaGuamPalauAlberta, CanadaBritish Columbia, CanadaManitoba, CanadaNew Brunswick, CanadaNewfoundland, CanadaNova Scotia, CanadaNorthwest Territories, CanadaNunavut, CanadaOntario, CanadaPrince Edward Island, CanadaQuebec, CanadaSaskatchewan, CanadaYukon Territory, Canada Zip Code Country United States of […]
Technology
Federal Judge In SF Rules That AI Company Anthropic Did Not Violate Copyright Law In Training Its Chatbot
In what is being seen as an important early judicial ruling for the AI industry, a federal judge in San Francisco has ruled that Anthropic did not break the law when it used copyrighted material to train its AI chatbot Claude. The company will have to go to trial, however, over its use of pirated […]

In what is being seen as an important early judicial ruling for the AI industry, a federal judge in San Francisco has ruled that Anthropic did not break the law when it used copyrighted material to train its AI chatbot Claude. The company will have to go to trial, however, over its use of pirated copies of books.
US District Judge William Alsup issued a pretrial ruling late Monday that absolves San Francisco-based Anthropic, for now, over the issue of the use of books and copyrighted material to train its AI model. As the Associated Press reports, Alsup was convinced by Anthropic’s attorneys that reading the material into their large language models qualifies as “fair use” under copyright law, because the product produced, the chatbot, was “quintessentially transformative.”
“Like any reader aspiring to be a writer, Anthropic’s [AI large language models] trained upon works not to race ahead and replicate or supplant them — but to turn a hard corner and create something different,” Alsup wrote in his ruling.
But, Alsup said that a trial could proceed on the question of how Anthropic collected the books it first fed into Claude, namely from pirated copies found on the internet. Internal communications at the company allegedly reveal that employees knew this could spell trouble, and only later did they pay for digital copies of the books.
Alsup wrote that “Anthropic had no entitlement to use pirated copies for its central library.” And, the fact “That Anthropic later bought a copy of a book it earlier stole off the internet will not absolve it of liability for the theft but it may affect the extent of statutory damages.”
This decision may set some precedent in the ongoing battles over chatbots and the fast-and-loose way in which companies including Anthropic and OpenAI have scraped the internet, copyrights be damned, to train the robots how to write and respond to human prompts.
A case with a somewhat different angle is headed to trial in New York, in which the New York Times and other publishers are suing OpenAI for the way in which it fed mass amounts of articles into its ChatGPT and other models. In that case, which a judge in March ruled could head to trial, attorneys for the Times argue both that OpenAI scoured its archive without payment, and that its model reproduces Times reporting in ways that are not “transformative,” as the “fair use” doctrine requires.
The Harvard Law Review noted in April that the Times is arguing the exact opposite case than it did 24 ago in a case involving freelance writers, New York Times Co. v. Tasini. The Times is now arguing for the “creative, deeply human work of journalists,” when in the earlier case, it fought to protect its own financial interests against the copyright interests of freelancers. The Supreme Court, in an opinion written by Ruth Bader Ginsberg, ruled in favor of the freelancers, who said their copyrights had been violated when the Times and other publications fed their work into databases devoid of the context in which it was originally written, and without compensation.
Previously: Meta’s AI Efforts Include Huge Privacy Flub; Sam Altman Says Meta’s Been Trying to Poach OpenAI Staff
Top image: In this photo illustration, a person holds a smartphone displaying the logo of “Claude,” an AI language model by Anthropic, with the company’s logo visible in the background, illustrating the rapid development and adoption of generative AI technologies, on December 29, 2024 in Chongqing, China. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a cornerstone of China’s strategic ambitions, with the government aiming to establish the country as a global leader in AI by 2030. (Photo illustration by Cheng Xin/Getty Images)
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