SAN ANGELO, TX — In the high-stakes world of college football, where talent is the ultimate currency, the introduction of Name, Image, and Likeness (NIL) deals in 2021 has transformed recruiting and roster-building into a financial arms race.
As the 2025 season winds down with the College Football Playoff (CFP) quarterfinals looming, one question echoes across the Lone Star State: Can pouring millions into NIL truly buy a national championship?
Texas (the entire state, not the university) provides a compelling case study, with four powerhouse programs—the University of Texas Longhorns (UT), Texas A&M Aggies (A&M), Texas Tech Red Raiders (TTU), and Southern Methodist University Mustangs (SMU)—each wielding significant NIL war chests but yielding varied results. From booster-fueled spending sprees to community-driven collectives, their approaches highlight the promise and pitfalls of this pay-to-play era.
As of today, the Texas Tech Red Raiders remain in contention for the national title, set to face the Oregon Ducks in the Orange Bowl CFB quarterfinals at 11 a.m. Central Time on January 1.
NIL is a Billion-Dollar Game Changer
Since the NCAA greenlit NIL, the market has exploded, projected to hit $1.7 billion for the 2024-2025 season, with over $1.1 billion funneled into football alone. Proponents argue it levels the playing field by compensating athletes fairly, while critics decry it as a system where deep-pocketed boosters “buy” rosters, eroding the amateur spirit.
Adding fuel to this evolution is NIL revenue sharing, stemming from the landmark House v. NCAA settlement approved in June 2025. Effective July 1, 2025, this system allows Division I schools to directly distribute a portion of their athletic department revenues—up to a cap of $20.5 million for the 2025-26 academic year—to student-athletes across sports. This cap is expected to increase by 4% annually, with potential exceptions, and is designed to compensate athletes more like professionals while maintaining some regulatory oversight through the new College Sports Commission.
Unlike traditional NIL deals, which involve third-party endorsements and sponsorships from brands or collectives, revenue sharing comes straight from school funds (e.g., ticket sales, media rights, and sponsorships), functioning more like a salary pool.
Schools opting in (most Power Four programs have) must report third-party NIL payments to ensure transparency, but the system coexists with NIL, allowing total athlete compensation to exceed the cap through combined efforts.
This has led to “payrolls” where revenue sharing covers base pay, and NIL handles bonuses or incentives, though critics argue it exacerbates inequities between resource-rich and smaller programs. In Texas, oil money and alumni networks have propelled programs to the forefront, yet success isn’t solely about the dollar amount—it’s about strategy, coaching, and execution.
Comparing the NIL Approach of Four Texas Teams
Texas’s college football landscape illustrates diverse strategies in blending revenue sharing with NIL. All four programs have opted into the settlement, leveraging the $20.5 million cap to boost recruiting and retention amid the expanded CFP.Team
This table compares the NIL approach of Texas athletic programs (it’s responsive, so use your mouse or finger to scroll right and left)
| Team |
Revenue Sharing Cap Utilization |
Key Approach Details |
Integration with NIL |
2025 Impact Highlights |
| UT Longhorns |
Full $20.5M, part of $35-40M total football payroll |
Phasing out NIL collectives in favor of direct revenue sharing; focuses on structured contracts for efficiency. |
Combined with Longhorn Sports Agency (launched June 2025) for brand deals and content creation; alumni/tech boosters fund extras. |
Enabled 10-2 record and CFP berth; high-profile deals like Arch Manning’s $3.5M+ NIL boosted talent influx, though playoff exit showed limits. |
| A&M Aggies |
Full $20.5M, with min. $2.5M to women’s sports; spread across six programs |
Community-driven distribution tied to performance/academics; uses Teamworks for streamlined payments. |
$39.1M in NIL support FY24-25 via Aggie NIL and Playfly; focuses on guaranteed contracts and retention. |
Fueled 11-2 season and playoff spot; tripled NIL from prior year, but late losses highlighted distribution inefficiencies. |
| TTU Red Raiders |
Full $20.5M integrated into $55M planned NIL + sharing for 2026 |
Booster-led (e.g., Cody Campbell’s influence); one-year contracts for 97 football players; new corporate unit for growth. |
Merged Matador Club into Red Raider Club; smashed NIL records with $28M football spend in 2025. |
Powered 12-1 record, Big 12 title, and CFP quarterfinal; rapid escalation transformed program, though donor dependency raises sustainability questions. |
| SMU Mustangs |
Full $20.5M via Student-Athlete Benefit Fund |
Integrated revenue/NIL/brand unit; focuses on holistic athlete support and corporate partnerships. |
Boulevard Collective and Mustang Partners (launched Dec. 2025) for deals; Scout platform streamlines earnings and education. |
Boosted ACC debut with 10-2 record, playoff berth; historic revenue jumps (157% football tickets), portal success, but chaos concerns from NIL/portal dynamics. |
The Longhorns’ Corporate NIL Powerhouse
The Longhorns, now in their second SEC season, boast what many consider the nation’s top NIL budget: an estimated $35-40 million dedicated to their football roster for 2025.
Through the Texas One Fund and a partnership with Learfield’s Longhorn Sports Agency (launched in June 2025), UT has adopted a professionalized model, emphasizing brand-building, financial literacy, and high-profile endorsements. Star quarterback Arch Manning’s deals alone reportedly exceed $3.5 million annually, drawing transfers and blue-chip recruits.
This investment paid dividends with a 10-2 regular season, an SEC Championship Game appearance, and a CFP berth. However, playoff shortcomings—including a first-round exit—raise questions about ROI. A high-ranking UT source disputed the $35-40 million figure earlier this year, calling it “irresponsible reporting,” but insiders maintain it’s the benchmark for SEC elites.
“Texas is built for the long haul,” said one analyst. “NIL keeps them competitive, but championships require more than money—ask the Yankees in baseball.”
The Aggies’ “12th Man” Community Approach to NIL
About 100 miles east of Austin, in College Station, the Aggies have taken a more diversified tack via Texas Aggies United, amassing $51.4 million in total NIL revenue from July 2024 to June 2025—nearly tripling the previous year’s haul. An overwhelming 96% ($49-50 million) flowed to men’s sports, with football claiming the lion’s share through guaranteed contracts tied to performance and academics.
This “retain at all costs” philosophy, bolstered by alumni and corporate sponsors, has secured talents like quarterback Marcel Reed and wide receiver Mario Craver.
The result? An 11-2 campaign, a playoff spot, and early-season dominance, only to falter with late losses to rivals Texas and in the CFP first round.
Critics point to gender disparities (minimal funding for women’s sports) and question if the broad distribution dilutes football’s edge in the brutal SEC. Still, A&M’s model emphasizes sustainability, positioning them as a top-5 NIL spender nationally.
“It’s not just about the check—it’s about building a culture,” an Aggies booster noted, echoing the program’s “12th Man” ethos.
All of the Oil Money Funding Texas Tech’s NIL Program
In Lubbock, the Red Raiders represent the underdog story of NIL efficiency. Led by billionaire alum Cody Campbell’s $25 million donation to The Matador Club, TTU shelled out over $28 million on its football roster in 2025, with plans for $55 million in combined NIL and revenue sharing next year. This aggressive, booster-centric approach—often dubbed “buying the roster”—focused on portal acquisitions and defensive reinforcements, transforming a mid-tier Big 12 team into contenders.
The payoff was undeniable: a 12-1 record, Big 12 Championship dominance (34-7 over BYU), and a CFP quarterfinal berth against Oregon in the Orange Bowl on January 1. While detractors label it “money over culture” and warn of donor dependency, Tech’s rise suggests targeted spending can yield outsized results in a less stacked conference.
“We’ve proven NIL can accelerate success,” said head coach Joey McGuire post-title. “But it’s the relationships that seal it.”
With the Orange Bowl looming, TTU could prove NIL’s championship potential taking on another NIL powerhouse for a slot in the National Championships semi-finals in January.
Oregon Ducks: The Nike-Backed Contender
As Texas Tech prepares to clash with the Oregon Ducks in CFB Quarterfinal game at the Orange Bowl, it’s worth examining Oregon’s robust NIL framework, which has positioned them as a formidable CFP opponent. Backed by Nike co-founder Phil Knight, Oregon’s primary NIL collective, Division Street, was established in 2021 and has evolved into one of college football’s most efficient operations.
This booster-led model emphasizes innovative marketing and brand partnerships, leveraging Knight’s influence and Nike’s resources to attract top talent. In 2025, Oregon ranked fourth nationally in NIL spending for roster building, per an On3 survey of industry stakeholders, trailing only Texas, Texas Tech, and Ohio State.
Oregon has fully embraced revenue sharing under the House settlement, distributing the maximum $20.5 million cap while integrating third-party NIL deals to exceed it, potentially reaching $30 million or more in total athlete compensation.
Enhancements include adding a NIL partnerships manager and content producer in October 2025, partnering with Learfield Impact for technology and marketing support.
Key players like quarterback Dante Moore boast NIL valuations over $2.3 million, reflecting the program’s appeal.
This strategy has fueled Oregon’s undefeated regular season and top seeding in the CFP, but as offensive coordinator Will Stein noted, misconceptions about their NIL dominance overlook the program’s culture and coaching.
Facing TTU’s NIL-fueled surge, the Ducks’ approach tests whether corporate-backed innovation can outpace oil money in pursuit of a title.
SMU Mustangs: The Rising Contender Fueled by NIL
NIL has been a game-changer for the SMU Mustangs, particularly in their 2025 transition to the ACC after a strong Group of Five run. The program’s aggressive adoption—via the Boulevard Collective and new Mustang Partners initiative—has driven record revenues, with football season tickets doubling and overall income surging 157% in their inaugural ACC year. This financial boost enabled high-profile portal acquisitions and retention, contributing to a 10-2 record, ACC contention, and a CFP berth—their first as a Power Four member. Partnerships like Scout NIL provide tools for earnings management and life skills, empowering athletes beyond the field. However, NIL’s double-edged sword has sparked debates: While it fueled opportunity and structured pay via revenue sharing, it also introduced “chaos” through the transfer portal, with rapid roster turnover challenging team cohesion. Overall, NIL has elevated SMU from mid-major to contender, proving smaller programs can compete with strategic spending in the revenue-sharing era.
Does the Money Translate to Championships?
Comparing the quartet: UT’s $35-40 million bought SEC relevance but no hardware; A&M’s $51.4 million (heavily football-skewed) delivered consistency but exposed vulnerabilities; TTU’s $28 million-plus propelled them furthest, claiming a conference crown and deeper playoff run; SMU’s strategic NIL surge secured a playoff spot in their ACC debut. Halfway through 2025, fans throughout the state of Texas got their “money’s worth” with four in-state teams vying for glory, but NIL’s role sparks debate. As one Reddit user pondered in a hypothetical DIII scenario, “How much NIL would it take to build a champion?”—the answer seems: Enough to attract talent, but not without coaching alchemy.
NIL made college football mirror pro sports: Money helps, but doesn’t guarantee titles—look at MLB or the NBA. With the state of Texas’ new NIL rules looming for 2026 and the transfer portal opening January 2, the experiment continues. For now, NIL can buy contention, but championships? We’ll gain another clue on New Year’s Day at the #4 Texas Tech vs. #5 Oregon semi-final in the Orange Bowl at 11 a.m.