NIL
Alabama QB Ty Simpson leads college football's 25 most important boom

Which college football players are paramount to their team’s success this season? Remove the obvious 2025 Heisman Trophy candidates from the conversation for a second and ponder this: Who filled crucial roles for elite teams whose endgame is a berth in the College Football Playoff?
You’re not going to find all of these boom-or-bust players playing for teams at the top of our preseason bowl projections, but each is guaranteed to have a unique impact on how the campaign plays out in their respective conferences.
CBS Sports reached out to a variety of team-specific and conference sources for perspectives on talented players whose stock hinges on execution, staying healthy and performing confidently this fall.
2025 College Football Playoff predictions, expert picks, most overrated and underrated teams
Chip Patterson
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Why is Mensah so important to Manny Diaz and Duke’s efforts this season? The Blue Devils made — at the time — what was a record-setting investment in the former Tulane quarterback to continue the program’s ascension that started last fall. He’ll play a pair of top-15 opponents — Illinois and Clemson — and big performances against those teams could alter the complexion of the early-season playoff picture.
When you’re ranked as the 2025 transfer cycle’s second-best player overall behind Nico Iamaleava, there’s a certain level of heightened expectations that come with that. And World, who starred at Nevada last season, is tasked with protecting another boom-or-bust player in this list at Oregon. At his best, World could be the first tackle taken in the 2026 NFL Draft. If the Ducks take a step back as the reigning Big Ten champions and World has a so-so season up front, the stock could change dramatically.
There are a number of Seminoles teetering on the “star” or “bust” labels and Jackson is at the top of the list. One source close to Florida State said Jackson has “first defensive tackle off the board if he hits” potential at 6-feet-5, 337 pounds. He’s an interior run-stopper coming off his most productive year. And now, the goal for Jackson is to become a multi-down threat in Florida State’s rotation at the line of scrimmage. Jackson and the Seminoles get a great first against Alabama in the opener.
Hampered by nagging injuries last season, Ott’s 2024 numbers paled in comparison to his jaw-dropping production as a sophomore the previous campaign. The Sooners added Ott from the transfer portal after spring practice expecting to land a premiere baller out of the backfield and early returns have been positive in camp. Oklahoma has transitioned its offensive scheme to former Washington State OC Ben Arbuckle’s expertise, along with the arrival of quarterback John Mateer. If Oklahoma can find balance, this could be one of the SEC’s most-improved teams.
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Will Harbor, a former five-star recruit, finally rise to stardom for the Gamecocks as a leader in the wideout room, or will this offense’s by-committee approach be just enough to get by? Without a clear WR1 coming out of camp, Harbor has a chance to ascend in September after nixing track and field this offseason to fully focus on his football career. Given his size and talent level, Harbor has the measurables you’d want in a premiere option in the passing game. Consistency must be shown, however, to become a preferred target for LaNorris Sellers.
The former five-star prospect is primed for a breakout season as a featured option in the Aggies backfield in what’s expected to be a run-heavy attack with Marcel Reed and Le’Veon Moss handling the rest of the load. Injury concerns are a worry for Owens, who missed 11 games last fall.
“Owens could be almost as good as Moss this fall and make them maybe the strongest 1-2 punch at running back in the country, but he has yet to put it all together and is coming off a Lisfranc fracture,” one Texas A&M source said.
Josh Heupel announced Aguilar as the Vols starting quarterback at the end of camp. Tennessee wouldn’t have essentially traded Nico Iamaleava to UCLA for Aguilar had this staff not intended to bring the transfer in for immediate competition under center. Heupel praised Aguilar’s work ethic and attention to detail in adjusting to a new scheme following Tennessee’s first scrimmage. He was a two-year starter at Appalachian State, but performing at the highest level in the SEC is a different task entirely.
The East Carolina transfer won’t be asked to replicate the production hole left by 1,000-yard wideouts Jaylin Noel and Jayden Higgins, but his role will expand for the first time in his career as a featured option for a nationally ranked team. Sowell averaged 19.9 yards per catch last fall and managed three touchdown receptions of at least 50 yards for the Pirates over a three-game stretch before shutting things down and making himself available on the open market. The Cyclones need a big-play threat in hopes of getting back to the Big 12 title game and Sowell hopes to squeeze into that role.
Have we already seen Pavia’s best during last season’s win over then-No. 1 Alabama? The Commodores hope not. After winning his battle with the NCAA for another year of eligibility, the SEC’s loudest trash-talker will try and regain some of that magic he found last October when Vanderbilt was at the front of the national conversation. Pavia’s numbers were pedestrian down the stretch during losses to South Carolina, LSU and Tennessee after pushing his team to a 6-3 start and a national ranking. Without him playing at an elite level, the Commodores could regress in 2025.
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Nearing full-go status after enduring a car accident in July in his return from an injury that cost him most of the 2024 season at Oklahoma, Anderson was signed to be one of the alphas in a deep wideout room for the Tigers. Two years ago, Anderson averaged 21 yards per catch for the Sooners with 10 touchdowns as their leading receiver. Getting back to the right mental space coming off the injury is vital in his development as a featured weapon for Garrett Nussmeier in Baton Rouge.
Toure played for Miami defensive coordinator Corey Hetherman at Rutgers, so the Hurricanes coaches know what they’re getting in a prized piece from the portal at the middle linebacker spot. That said, Toure’s coming off his second ACL injury, so there are questions on whether he can return to his all-conference talent level and be a leader in the front seven. At full strength in 2023, Toure finished with 93 tackles, 10 tackles for loss, 4.5 sacks and 25 pressures. If Miami gets that version of the hard-hitting tackler, this defense will make noise in the ACC.
A “textbook choice” from the Trojans as one team insider put it, USC needs Maiava to be a difference-maker offensively this season. The Trojans face four teams during Big Ten play currently ranked in the preseason top 20 and Maiava must show consistency from the pocket in big-time moments. He had 11 touchdown passes and six interceptions last fall over seven games after transferring from UNLV and Riley showed confidence this offseason by sticking with him as the frontman of his passing attack.
The understudy of former Fighting Illini playmaker Pat Bryant, Elzy turned heads during spring practice and his hot play has carried over to fall camp, per sources. With 16 returning starters back from a 10-win team, Illinois is expected to be a dark-horse Big Ten contender this fall. However, to take that next step as a program among the elites, Elzy is one of a handful of potential impact players needing to rise.
It’s a safe bet that Notre Dame’s defense will be elite this fall, especially in the secondary with Leonard Moore and Christian Gray returning. In order for a return trip to the national championship game, the Fighting Irish are going to need production from the other side of the football as well. Breaking in a new quarterback will be much easier if Heisman candidate Jeremiyah Love gets some help from Price in terms of balancing the workload in the running game. Price had solid numbers last season with a 6.2 yards per carry average and seven touchdowns, but was largely a non-factor in Notre Dame’s contests against ranked competition.
After flashing in last season’s bowl win over Alabama that energized his confidence level, Moore will start this fall along with Indiana transfer Donaven McCulley and Semaj Morgan for the Wolverines. Moore didn’t enjoy the season most around Ann Arbor expected in 2024, but he wasn’t the only reason Michigan’s passing game flatlined. He’s being counted on, per sources, as a go-to threat downfield with Sherrone Moore moving to a new starting quarterback.
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A sixth-year senior who hasn’t played since 2023, Fisher’s played behind elite-level talent in Happy Valley, including Chop Robinson and Abdul Carter. Various medical setbacks have delayed his potential to break out, but in spot duty over his career (especially over 13 games in 2023), Fisher has been a productive pass rusher. He’ll start opposite Dani Dennis-Sutton as focal points within Penn State’s pass rush this season, but the defensive line depth is thin behind those two. James Franklin has described Fisher as a “hammer” up front and the second-ranked Nittany Lions need his best to ascend as national championship contenders.
The transfer from Army has drawn SEC Defensive Player of the Year buzz, so it’s up to Modozie to determine if the hype is justified as a newcomer to the league. Four Georgia defenders have won the honor since 2002, but each of them played considerably more snaps per game than what’s expected from Modozie, a likely situational fit on third down for the Bulldogs. At his best, Modozie could have a Jalon Walker-like impact chasing after quarterbacks. Modozie managed 34 tackles, eight TFLs and 6.5 sacks last season for the Black Knights.
“If he hits, he’ll hit big,” one SEC recruiting staffer told CBS Sports.
The lone senior in the Tigers’ backfield, Randall is a converted wide receiver at 6-2, 225 pounds and led his team in rushing during Clemson’s playoff loss at Texas. With Phil Mafah now in the NFL, Randall is the likely heavy-carry option for the Tigers until freshman Gideon Davidson is ready for the full-time role. Davidson’s the future of the program at the position, but Dabo Swinney has predicted that Randall will be one of college football’s “great stories” this year.
With only three returning starters off a unit that ranked No. 1 nationally in several statistical categories last fall, the Buckeyes need Houston to take the next step quickly as a feared interior run-stopper and offense wrecker in the Big Ten. He moved from defensive end to the interior as Ohio State’s 3-technique midseason as a freshman and seemed better-suited in the middle of the Buckeyes’ front. There’s not much quality depth behind Houston given the talent losses at the position.
Here’s a chance for the former Tennessee star to go prove he can lead a program — essentially by himself — out West. He’s not facing return-to-the-playoffs pressure with the Bruins or even expectations of a top-tier Big Ten finish, but there are doubters following his messy exit from Tennessee and there’s only one way the former five-star can silence those critics. Iamaleava’s already shown “special” traits during camp and now, getting to bowl eligibility would be a major boost he could provide for Deshaun Foster and the program.
Moore has huge shoes to fill, following the careers of Bo Nix and Dillon Gabriel under OC Will Stein’s tutelage with the Ducks. He’s now had two offseasons to study this scheme after transferring from UCLA two years ago, but the parts around him are considerably different. Top wideout Evan Stewart will miss most of the season following a spring injury and Tulane transfer running back Makhi Hughes is the new starter in the backfield. Couple those with a bevy of fresh faces up front and we really don’t know what to expect out of Oregon’s attack. For Moore, getting the ball out quickly and accurately is paramount if the Ducks plan on repeating as Big Ten champions.
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A former five-star recruit, Baker is expected to hold the right tackle spot over as the Longhorns replace early NFL Draft exits Kelvin Banks Jr. and Cameron Williams on the edges of the offensive line. It’s a huge ask for Baker in protecting Arch Manning and he’s one of four new starters up front for the Longhorns, whose lone returning veteran is senior guard DJ Campbell.
One NFL Draft talent evaluator told CBS Sports there are times Payton jumped out on film at Florida State as an “animal of sorts” in pass rush situations, but others, he evaporated and was barely seen. LSU defensive coordinator Blake Baker expects the elite version of Payton this season as a leader within a portal-improved unit for the Tigers. Coupled with Florida transfer edge Jack Pyburn former TCU defensive tackle Sydir Mitchell and ex-South Florida star Bernard Gooden, LSU has the size and power to cause chaos for opposing SEC offenses. It begins with Payton making things happen on third down.
At his best, Dampier’s an unstoppable force on the ground as one of the nation’s most prolific rushers at the quarterback position. He picked up 784 yards rushing and 11 touchdowns over his final six starts last season at New Mexico. Utah brought him over in the portal as part of a package deal with his former OC Jason Beck. Establishing confidence as a passer was a different story for Dampier, who had 12 touchdowns and 12 interceptions with a completion rate of 57.9%. His acquisition was a calculated risk Utes coach Kyle Whittingham was willing to take.
“If he’s good, Utah could make the CFP. If he can’t (throw), the Utes may have another year like last season,” one player personnel source within the Big 12 told CBS Sports.
The third time’s a charm for Simpson, who has finally won a quarterback competition in Tuscaloosa. Playing behind Jalen Milroe the last couple of seasons, Simpson’s now running the show for first-year OC Ryan Grubb, the second half of the braintrust with Kalen DeBoer that pushed Washington‘s offense to new heights with Michael Penix Jr. two years ago. DeBoer needs Simpson to hit. If not, it’s five-star freshman Keelon Russell or fellow unproven option Austin Mack getting the keys to a hot rod that would be running out of gas at a critical junction during his early tenure.
One source close to Alabama’s program said it’s like “Deal or No Deal” with Simpson: “You don’t know what you have in the envelope. It could be $1 million or $10.”
NIL
Todd McShay believes 3,500-yard college football QB is not ready for NFL
A prominent college quarterback faced a difficult reality check during a lopsided College Football Playoff semifinal defeat on Friday night.
The signal-caller struggled with turnovers and the pace of play throughout the contest while his team fell well short of reaching the national championship stage. The performance raised immediate questions about whether the young passer is truly prepared to make the jump to the professional ranks.
The Ringer’s Todd McShay offered a blunt assessment of the prospect’s readiness following the game. The analyst argued that the quarterback lacks the requisite experience to succeed immediately in the NFL and pointed to the low number of career starts as a major red flag. McShay emphasized that rushing the development process often leads to failure for talented but raw players.
McShay suggested that history provides a clear warning for quarterbacks who enter the draft without enough collegiate repetitions. He believes the player would benefit significantly from returning to school to accumulate more game action. The analyst relied on data and trends to support his claim that the passer is not yet equipped to handle the complexities of the next level.
Historical trends suggest Dante Moore needs more time at Oregon
Todd McShay specifically identified Oregon Ducks quarterback Dante Moore as the player who needs to return to school during his The McShay Report podcast. McShay used a long list of successful quarterbacks to illustrate the value of collegiate experience. He noted that players like Bo Nix and Jayden Daniels benefited immensely from staying in school longer.
“Bo Nix: 60+ starts. 50+starts are: Cam Ward, Jayden Daniels. 40+: Baker, Purdy, Penix, Herbert, Hurts, Dart,” McShay stated. “30+: Cousins, Geno, Goff, Daniel Jones, Trevor, Stafford, Lamar, Dak, Caleb, Love.”
McShay contrasted this list with Moore, who has made only 20 starts. He argued that the few quarterbacks who succeeded with fewer starts are rare outliers.

“The two guys that are sub-30 but still had 25 or 29, in Mahomes and Josh Allen respectively, are superhuman,” McShay explained. “And Mahomes sat a year with Alex Smith, teaching him in the quarterback room, and Andy Reid, one of the great developers. Everyone seems to forget Josh Allen really struggled as a rookie.”
The analyst pointed to specific struggles Moore had during the 56-22 loss to Indiana. He highlighted how the speed of the game seemed to affect the sophomore’s processing.
“I’m looking at Dante Moore in his 20th start, and he looks like a guy, and yeah, the running back on the RPO shouldn’t have hit his elbow to throw,” McShay observed. “But the strip sack and several other plays. I’m watching the quarterback. Yes, there were, your receivers are covered up, but we got to speed up that clock, man. I don’t think Dante Moore’s ready.”
McShay warned that ignoring historical trends often results in drafting busts. He listed several quarterbacks who struggled after entering the league with questions about their readiness.

“Knowing the history, and knowing all the problems, and knowing the Trubiskys and the Haskins and the Mark Sanchezes and the Anthony Richardsons,” McShay said. “Hearing that list I just gave you, and watching him then tonight, are you comfortable taking him at one overall?”
The analyst concluded that one more season would put Moore in a much safer category for NFL evaluators.
“He can come back next year, play 12, 13, 15 more games. And now he’s in the range we’re talking about with Stafford, Lamar, Dak, Caleb, Love,” McShay said. “I feel a lot more comfortable then.”
Read more on College Football HQ
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Fernando Mendoza rejected Miami’s NIL payday — now he’s one win from a national title
Fernando Mendoza rejected Miami’s NIL payday — now he’s one win from a national title originally appeared on The Sporting News. Add The Sporting News as a Preferred Source by clicking here.
Fernando Mendoza bet on himself last winter by turning down a richer NIL payday at Miami in favor of a chance he believed would better define his future. One win from a national championship, the wager is nearly complete at Indiana
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Fernando Mendoza has led one of the most remarkable seasons in college football history. The Indiana Hoosiers won their first Big Ten title since 1967 and Mendoza earned the school’s first Heisman Trophy.
The California transfer has thrown for 3,349 yards, 41 touchdowns and six interceptions, transforming Indiana into the No. 1 team entering the College Football Playoff. They haven’t let up off the gas since.
The decision almost never happened. According to former agent Ben Dogra, Mendoza turned down a more lucrative NIL offer from the Miami Hurricanes, his hometown school. He said Indiana’s deal paid roughly $2.3 million, while Miami’s offer exceeded $3 million, a difference that led the Hurricanes to pursue Carson Beck instead.
Mendoza prioritized development over a homecoming or money. At Indiana, he joined coach Curt Cignetti’s system to play alongside his brother, Alberto, and believed he had a clearer path to becoming an NFL quarterback.
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“That’s coaching,” Dogra said. “He thought he’d have a better chance to grow and get ready for the next level.”
Mendoza’s plan worked. He has surged up draft boards and is now viewed as the No. 1 overall pick. One more win would turn a calculated gamble into a championship legacy as the Hoosiers chase history.
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Keelon Russell, Austin Mack: Alabama quarterbacks returning for 2026
Alabama officially has a quarterback competition for 2026.
Austin Mack and Keelon Russell have both re-signed for another season with the Crimson Tide, Alabama’s NIL collective announced Friday.
Mack is heading into his fourth season of college football and fourth working under coach Kalen DeBoer. Meanwhile, Russell is set to enter his second season with Alabama.
The two will compete to replace Ty Simpson as Alabama’s starting quarterback. Simpson announced Wednesday he will enter the NFL Draft.
The re-signings are noteworthy because teams across college football are searching for quarterbacks, and it’s no secret quarterback-needy teams find ways to make known to quarterbacks through third parties what their opportunities might be if they enter the transfer portal.
But Alabama managed to secure both Mack and Russell, indicating both are willing to compete for the starting job.
What was a given not even half a decade ago is no longer a foregone conclusion. Roster retention is just as important, if not more important, than roster additions in this era of revenue sharing, NIL and paying players directly.
Mack is the lone quarterback of the two who has played significant snaps so far. When Simpson left the Rose Bowl early in the second half with a cracked rib, Mack replaced him and finished out the game. He completed 11 of 16 passes for 103 yards.
Over four games of action in 2025, primarily as Simpson’s backup, Mack completed 24 of 32 passes for 228 yards, two touchdowns and one rushing touchdown.
Russell was the third quarterback on the depth chart during his freshman season, completing 11 of 15 passes for 143 yards and two touchdowns. Russell is a former five-star quarterback, ranked as the No. 2 quarterback and No. 2 prospect in the 2025 recruiting class, per 247Sports.
The transfer portal is scheduled to remain open through Jan. 16.
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Kolpack: College football players may have finally met their match – InForum
FARGO — There is one week left in the NCAA transfer portal and then the national FCS head coach nightmare will be over. Or at least let’s hope so.
It’s been eight days since the last North Dakota State player announced he was going into the portal, perhaps a sign that the bleeding has stopped. Bison players who receive funds from the Green and Gold Fund, the collective that pays players directly from the athletic department, sign contracts that in theory commit them to the school.
But in NCAA football, what’s a contract these days?
Maybe there’s hope on the horizon.
ESPN earlier this week reported quarterback Demond Williams Jr. signed an NIL deal to remain at the University of Washington, but then announced he was leaving to pursue another school. Imagine that happening in the NFL. It doesn’t, at least it’s not that simple.
But back to the college game and Williams Jr., the university didn’t take too kindly to that, as it shouldn’t, and there were reports Washington was prepared to fight back. This is not a $10,000 check maybe a Bison football player would receive.
This is about millions of dollars.
Guess what? Williams Jr. on Thursday put on Instagram that he was “fully committed” and is returning to Washington. Imagine that. Perhaps somebody got to him with the following logic: Demond, do you want to hire a lawyer for a lot of money with no guarantee you’ll win just to transfer to, say, LSU? It’s a reminder of the famous “Seinfeld” line when Jerry was at an airport car rental desk. His vehicle wasn’t immediately available and that didn’t sit well with him. “You can take the reservation but you can’t hold the reservation.”
The point being holding, honoring a contract, is the most important part.
Maybe, just maybe, the players finally met their match. On that note, the NCAA denied a waiver request for another year of eligibility of Ole’ Miss quarterback Trinidad Chambliss. I never thought I would see the NCAA deny any sort of waiver again.
NIL contracts? Before Williams Jr. reversed course, they held about as much water as Death Valley in California. The agent who represented Williams Jr., who is also the agent for Washington head coach Jedd Fisch, put on social media he ended his representation with the quarterback because of “philosophical differences.”
NDSU players signing NIL contracts with the Green and Gold Fund are important, with both parties. With the school, the hope is the players honor the deal. For the player, it’s a guarantee they’ll get paid.
There are stories that Bison players who transferred to a bigger school in the past didn’t receive what they were promised. A contract is a security blanket, because it’s doubtful a school would want a reputation of reneging on NIL deals.
It’s all part of the mishmash of the modern world of college football that is screwed up on so many levels, including the calendar of events of the transfer portal and coaches leaving for other schools.
Nick Saban has a point, when on an ESPN “College GameDay” pregame show, the former Alabama head coach suggested taking on more of an NFL model with the calendar. He advocated to move signing day to summer, start the season earlier, move the portal to the end of the school year and then change spring football from March or April to after the portal dates to summer, like the NFL teams do with their Organized Team Activity (OTAs) after the draft.
It would avoid coaches leaving their current school for another during a playoff run, like the Lane Kiffin fiasco from Mississippi to LSU. NDSU went through it to a degree, but Craig Bohl stayed through the 2013 national title game before leaving for Wyoming and Chris Klieman stayed through the ‘18 championship game before heading to Kansas State.
That’s laughable now. But there is this: Maybe the pendulum has reached its peak and will swing the other way.
Let’s hope so.
Jeff Kolpack, the son of a reporter and an English teacher, and the brother of a reporter, worked at the Jamestown Sun, Bismarck Tribune and since 1990 The Forum, where he’s covered North Dakota State athletics since 1995. He has covered all 10 of NDSU’s Division I FCS national football titles and has written four books: “Horns Up,” “North Dakota Tough,” “Covid Kids” and “They Caught Them Sleeping: How Dot Reinvented the Pretzel.” He is also the radio host of “The Golf Show with Jeff Kolpack” April through August.
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Transfer portal era, pursuit of NIL money is messy. Are there solutions?
By ANDREW DESTIN and TERESA WALKER
Associated Press
A quarterback reportedly reneging on a lucrative deal to hit the transfer portal, only to return to his original school. Another starting QB, this one in the College Football Playoff, awaiting approval from the NCAA to play next season, an expensive NIL deal apparently hanging in the balance. A defensive star, sued by his former school after transferring, filing a lawsuit of his own.
It is easy to see why many observers say things are a mess in college football even amid a highly compelling postseason.
“It gets crazier and crazier. It really, really does,” said Sam Ehrlich, a Boise State legal studies professor who tracks litigation against the NCAA. He said he might have to add a new section for litigation against the NCAA stemming just from transfer portal issues.
“I think a guy signing a contract and then immediately deciding he wants to go to another school, that’s a kind of a new thing,” he said. “Not new kind of historically when you think about all the contract jumping that was going on in the ’60s and ’70s with the NBA. But it’s a new thing for college sports, that’s for sure.”
Washington quarterback Demond Williams Jr. said late Thursday he will return to school for the 2026 season rather than enter the transfer portal, avoiding a potentially messy dispute amid reports the Huskers were prepared to pursue legal options to enforce Williams’ name, image and likeness contract.
Edge rusher Damon Wilson is looking to transfer after one season at Missouri, having been sued for damages by Georgia over his decision to leave the Bulldogs. He has countersued.
Then there is Ole Miss quarterback Trinidad Chambliss, who reportedly has a new NIL deal signed but is awaiting an NCAA waiver allowing him to play another season as he and the Rebels played Thursday night’s Collge Football Playoff semifinal against Miami. On the Hurricanes roster: Defensive back Xavier Lucas, whose transfer from Wisconsin led to a lawsuit against the Hurricanes last year with the Badgers claiming he was improperly lured by NIL money. Lucas has played all season for Miami. The case is pending.
What to do?
Court rulings have favored athletes of late, winning them not just millions in compensation but the ability to play immediately after transferring rather than have to sit out a year as once was the case. They can also discuss specific NIL compensation with schools and boosters before enrolling and current court battles include players seeking to play longer without lower-college seasons counting against their eligibility and ability to land NIL money while doing it.
Ehrlich compared the situation to the labor upheaval professional leagues went through before finally settling on collective bargaining, which has been looked at as a potential solution by some in college sports over the past year. Athletes.org, a players association for college athletes, recently offered a 38-page proposal of what a labor deal could look like.
“I think NCAA is concerned, and rightfully so, that anything they try to do to tamp down this on their end is going to get shut down,” Ehrlich said. “Which is why really the only two solutions at this point are an act of Congress, which feels like an act of God at this point, or potentially collective bargaining, which has its own major, major challenges and roadblocks.”
The NCAA has been lobbying for years for limited antitrust protection to keep some kind of control over the new landscape – and to avoid more crippling lawsuits – but bills have gone nowhere in Congress.
Collective bargaining is complicated and universities have long balked at the idea that their athletes are employees in some way. Schools would become responsible for paying wages, benefits, and workers’ compensation. And while private institutions fall under the National Labor Relations Board, public universities must follow labor laws that vary from state to state; virtually every state in the South has “right to work” laws that present challenges for unions.
Ehrlich noted the short careers for college athletes and wondered whether a union for collective bargaining is even possible.
A harder look at contracts
To sports attorney Mit Winter, employment contracts may be the simplest solution.
“This isn’t something that’s novel to college sports,” said Winter, a former college basketball player who is now a sports attorney with Kennyhertz Perry. “Employment contracts are a huge part of college sports, it’s just novel for the athletes.”
Employment contracts for players could be written like those for coaches, he suggested, which would offer buyouts and prevent players from using the portal as a revolving door.
“The contracts that schools are entering into with athletes now, they can be enforced, but they cannot keep an athlete out of school because they’re not signing employment contracts where the school is getting the right to have the athlete play football for their school or basketball or whatever sport it is,” Winter said. “They’re just acquiring the right to be able to use the athlete’s NIL rights in various ways. So, a NIL agreement is not going to stop an athlete from transferring or going to play whatever sport it is that he or she plays at another school.”
There are challenges here, too, of course: Should all college athletes be treated as employees or just those in revenue-producing sports? Can all injured athletes seek workers’ compensation and insurance protection? Could states start taxing athlete NIL earnings?
Winter noted a pending federal case against the NCAA could allow for athletes to be treated as employees more than they currently are.
“What’s going on in college athletics now is trying to create this new novel system where the athletes are basically treated like employees, look like employees, but we don’t want to call them employees,” Winter said. “We want to call them something else and say they’re not being paid for athletic services. They’re being paid for use of their NIL. So, then it creates new legal issues that have to be hashed out and addressed, which results in a bumpy and chaotic system when you’re trying to kind of create it from scratch.”
He said employment contracts would allow for uniform rules, including how many schools an athlete can go to or if the athlete can go to another school when the deal is up. That could also lead to the need for collective bargaining.
“If the goal is to keep someone at a school for a certain defined period of time, it’s got to be employment contracts,” Winter said.
NIL
NCAA makes eligibility ruling on Ole Miss QB Trinidad Chambliss
In November, Ole Miss quarterback Trinidad Chambliss filed a waiver petition to receive a sixth year of eligibility. He transferred to Ole Miss ahead of the 2025 season after spending four years at Division II program Ferris State.
Following the Rebels’ stellar 13-2 season and appearance in the College Football Playoff Semifinals, the ruling on Chambliss’ eligibility has finally been handed down from the NCAA.
The Grand Rapids native’s waiver has officially been denied, dealing a massive blow to Pete Golding and the Ole Miss Rebels. Chambliss will now head to the NFL Draft, where he sits at No. 4 on Mel Kiper Jr.’s quarterback rankings. He is slotted behind Oregon‘s Dante Moore, Indiana‘s Fernando Mendoza, and Alabama‘s Ty Simpson.
Chambliss opened the season as Austin Simmons‘ backup, but assumed starting duties once Simmons suffered an injury in the Rebels’ 30-23 victory over Kentucky on Sept. 6. Not only did Chambliss serviceably fill in for Simmons, but he evolved into one of the best quarterbacks in the sport. He passed for 3,937 yards and 22 touchdowns with just three interceptions this season, along with rushing for 527 yards and eight more scores.
Ole Miss‘ starting quarterback passed for at least 300 yards in eight games and finished eighth in Heisman Trophy voting. He cemented himself as a program legend thanks to his performance in the Rebels’ 39-34 win over No. 3 Georgia in the Sugar Bowl, where he pulled off multiple spectacular plays to clinch the historic victory.
NCAA’s Full Statement on Trinidad Chambliss:
“In November, Ole Miss filed a waiver request for football student-athlete Trinidad Chambliss, seeking to extend his five-year Division I eligibility clock, citing an incapacitating illness or injury. Approval requires schools to submit medical documentation provided by a treating physician at the time of a student’s incapacitating injury or illness, which was not provided. The documents provided by Ole Miss and the student’s prior school include a physician’s note from a December 2022 visit, which stated the student-athlete was “doing very well” since he was seen in August 2022.”
“Additionally, the student-athlete’s prior school indicated it had no documentation on medical treatment, injury reports or medical conditions involving the student-athlete during that time frame and cited “developmental needs and our team’s competitive circumstances” as its reason the student-athlete did not play in the 2022-23 season. The waiver request was denied. This decision aligns with consistent application of NCAA rules. So far this academic year, the NCAA has received 784 clock extension requests (438 in football). Of those, 25 cases cited an incapacitating injury (nine in football). The NCAA approved 15 of those (six in football), and all 15 provided medical documentation from the time of the injury. Conversely, all 10 that were denied (three in football) did not provide the required medical documentation.”
“To receive a clock extension, a student-athlete must have been denied two seasons of competition for reasons beyond the student’s or school’s control, and a “redshirt” year can be used only once. One of the rules being cited publicly (Bylaw 12.6.4.2.2) is not the correct rule for the type of waiver requested by the school. Ole Miss applied for the waiver in November, and the NCAA first provided a verbal denial Dec. 8.”
Chambliss will now head off to the NFL, while Pete Golding and Ole Miss scramble to find a replacement at the position. Austin Simmons, who Chambliss replaced, announced his transfer to Missouri on Jan. 6.
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