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As two branches of government consider joining the NIL fray, confusion continues in the post …

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As two branches of government consider joining the NIL fray, confusion continues in the post ...

Less than three weeks into the official start of revenue sharing and other House v. NCAA settlement initiatives and there has only been more speculation and questions. Conversations over the future of the sport and NIL have been littered with talks of shady money being thrown around more than ever. The rules are unclear and feature too many workarounds. It appears as if no one fully grasps what is going on, and different actors are trying to maximize what they can do amongst the chaos. While there is so much more to come, here is what we know so far.

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Schools and those in school ecosystems have been attempting to use a variety of unique workarounds and loopholes to revenue sharing. There is widespread belief that schools are using variations of several tactics. Schools are throwing around “fake money” that they’re not sure they can pay, making offers that would put them way over the revenue sharing cap.

Schools are also still utilizing third-party collectives to pay current players and high school recruits with deals that the NCAA believes are pay-to-play. Collectives are promising NIL deals despite the fact that the NCAA believes those kinds of NIL terms cannot be used as a recruiting inducement and that they don’t serve a necessary “valid business purpose.” Meanwhile, several different state laws allow for high school aged prospects to make money off of NIL in spite of what the NCAA says, and even says the law of the land supersedes the regulations of the NCAA.

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Schools are also negotiating revenue sharing deals before August 1, the date the NCAA says is the earliest those negotiations can take place. Revenue sharing deals are the result of a term of the House settlement that allows for schools to share up to $20.5 million of revenue with student-athletes.

Beyond this, a select amount of programs had the financial flexibility to anticipate the impacts of revenue sharing and stay ahead of the curve. Collectives that were wealthy and smart enough front-loaded their roster with millions of dollars of third party NIL deals in the spring to pay for this year’s roster. Those schools now now have a massive advantage. By doing this, schools were able to finalize NIL deals with players without having to be processed through NILGo.

And NILGo has created nothing but problems.

NILGo is the Deloitte/College Sports Commission-run clearinghouse that reviews all NIL deals over $600. Over 12,000 athletes and 11,000 school officials have registered. NIL deals must “have valid business purpose,” according to the clearinghouse’s website. NILGo was created by the College Sports Commission as a result of Judge Claudia Wilken’s approval of the House settlement, which refers not to the U.S. House of Representatives but rather Grant House. House was a Division I swimmer at Arizona State University and one of the first athletes to challenge the NCAA’s limits on athlete compensation. His co-plaintiff was former Oregon and TCU basketball player Sedona Prince.

The two newly-created regulatory bodies created by the Power Conferences in the College Sports Commission and NILGo have been extremely slowed down and tied up in legal issues associated with the House settlement. According to Yahoo, the attorneys for House recently sent a letter to the NCAA demanding that they retract the guidance that states third party NIL deals crafted with collectives do not serve a valid business purpose and cannot be approved.

This is the main dispute coming from the CSC and NILGo.

The request to remove the “valid business purpose” language is a telling sign that student-athletes want fewer obstacles toward payments, and also that the NCAA’s efforts to stymie the existence of collectives is an uphill climb. The “valid business purpose” restriction is one that looks like the kind the courts have regularly slapped in litigation involving the NCAA.

One potential obstacle for the student-athletes could be the SCORE Act, which is making its way through the U.S. House of Representatives. The act is seen as a clean-up for college sports in that it provides stability via one system of rules as opposed to varying regulations passed by the different states.

Critics believe that it limits players too much as it restricts their NIL eligibility and provides them with less overall flexibility such as no ability to unionize. However, it is a “student-athlete first” deal in how many protections it provides players such as scholarship and injury protections, healthcare, and agent assistance. It requires schools to offer academic and health support. The SCORE Act also restricts the use of student fees to fund athletics, safeguards smaller athletic programs and Olympic sports, and bans the classification of athletes as employees.

That final piece is significant if you care about college sports remaining unique from professional sports. The act also comes with a great deal of NIL oversight and limited antitrust exemptions for the NCAA. It will also override state NIL law, establishing federal uniformity. That has pros and cons for all parties.

The SCORE Act could be a pivotal shift as it aims to balance order in NIL, athlete protections, and NCAA interests. But it’s still in flux, with big implications for athlete agency, funding models, and the overall economics of collegiate sports. Plus, President Donald Trump is reportedly considering signing an executive order regarding NIL and college sports, which would bring with it a different set of issues.

Texas’ model consolidates brand development, deal execution, and media content under one roof while the Texas One Fund remains a separate entity independent from the university as it tries to craft NIL deals that fit into the limits, if there are any, of the House settlement. Putting brand development on the newly created Longhorn Sports Agency alongside Learfield increases efficiency and control but may consign athletes to a narrower “official” partner pool. Meanwhile, the Texas One Fund allows for Texas to pay its players outside the $20.5 million cap for the entire athletic department via crafting for-profit deals with Austin and Texas based businesses. But as mentioned, collectives and their role are under intense scrutiny.

The early days of revenue-sharing have demonstrated that we are far from stability in college athletics. Legal ambiguity, institutional opportunism, and regulatory delays have created more confusion than clarity. As schools scramble to find advantages within gray areas, it’s clear the landscape is constantly evolving. Even the battlefield where these issues will be decided seems to change from one branch of government to another at a moment’s notice.

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As the rules get rewritten in real time, schools like Texas are trying to get ahead of the game while some schools are still reacting. As the chaos continues, the need for an enforceable NIL structure has never been more dire. And if not enforceable NIL structure, then something that makes it possible to know what’s legal and what’s not.

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Major college football program missing 26 players for bowl game

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The Pinstripe Bowl was meant to serve as a bridge year moment for Clemson, a chance to reset expectations and evaluate younger talent with an eye toward 2026.

Instead, Dabo Swinney’s Monday media session revealed that 26 scholarship players won’t be available for the Tigers’ Dec. 27 Pinstripe Bowl against Penn State.

That tally, largely injuries, a cluster of transfer departures and a handful of early NFL opt-outs, compounds a season that started with top-five expectations and ended 7-5. 

Swinney said 17 absences are injury-related, five players opted to transfer, and four declared for the NFL Draft; among those not playing are defensive stalwarts such as linebacker Wade Woodaz, defensive end T.J. Parker, and cornerback Avieon Terrell.

Offensively, Clemson still has quarterback Cade Klubnik, who threw for 2,750 yards and 16 touchdowns this season, but the Tigers will be without several key offensive linemen and skill-position contributors, including Antonio Williams and Bryant Wesco Jr., the team’s second- and third-leading receivers.

Clemson Tigers head coach Dabo Swinney.

Columbia, South Carolina, USA; Clemson Tigers head coach Dabo Swinney directs his team against the South Carolina Gamecocks in the second quarter at Williams-Brice Stadium. | Jeff Blake-Imagn Images

The 2025 campaign itself was already a disappointment by Clemson standards. 

A series of close losses to LSU, Georgia Tech, and Duke left Clemson 7–5 and out of playoff contention despite opening the season ranked No. 4 in the preseason AP Top 25.

Those results eliminated any margin for error, and the loss of more than two dozen scholarship players now makes the bowl a significant test of depth.

Penn State enters at 6–6 amid a coaching transition, with roster questions of its own but fewer high-profile opt-outs reported so far.

Penn State will be coached by interim Terry Smith after James Franklin was fired midseason and later took the Virginia Tech job.

For Clemson, the situation has immediate implications for its bowl competitiveness and longer-term questions about roster depth, retention, and development.

The Pinstripe Bowl will be played at Yankee Stadium on Dec. 27 (Noon ET, ABC).

Read More at College Football HQ

  • $2.1 million QB ranked as top quarterback in college football transfer portal

  • $87 million college football coach predicted to accept Michigan head coaching job

  • Top transfer portal QB reportedly receives ‘multiple offers’ over $4 million

  • Kirby Smart sends strong message on Nick Saban before College Football Playoff



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Arch Manning takes NIL pay cut to boost 2026 Texas Football roster

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There are plenty of examples of a star in pro sports taking less money in order to help the overall roster. But it isn’t something that’s hit college football yet … until now, thanks to Arch Manning. Manning has asked to take a reduced portion of the Longhorns’ direct payout pool.

Manning’s aim at taking less NIL funds is to help improve the roster around him. Just like Patrick Mahomes, who regularly gives up millions to help the Kansas City Chief’s roster. Tom Brady did it with New England. Dirk Nowitzki, Tim Duncan, LeBron James, Kevin Durant, Jalen Brunson, Aaron Rodgers and Ben Roethlisberger have all helped the rosters around them by taking less.

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In the pros, there are salary caps to negotiate. While college has no salary cap (yet), there is a finite amount in the NIL house pool. Texas can only spend what it has available. And while that pool is one of the biggest in the nation, Texas still follows a budget.

No doubt, Manning will be hoping the Texas coaching staff uses some of the freed up football revenue sharing funds on the offensive line. The line struggled in front of Manning all season and certainly inhibited his development early in the season.

Two offensive linemen are gone after the Citrus Bowl and Texas might lose a third. Left tackle Trevor Goosby was named first-team All-SEC is now contemplating going pro. Running back Jadan Baugh from Florida is also on Texas’ radar. The talented RB won’t be cheap.

Of course, it’s not like Manning will starve. The redshirt sophomore has one of the highest NIL valuations in nation. Manning has NIL deals with Red Bull, Panani, Uber and Warby Parker. Manning made north of $3.5 million in NIL deals in 2025, according to the Houston Chronicle.

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With a big name that attracts major brands, Manning doesn’t need his big deals supplemented. But most college athletes are paid by the common pool of funds. Manning frees up some of that money for transfers.

This article originally appeared on Longhorns Wire: Manning Pay Cut: Texas QB asks for less NIL money to help boost roster



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Top 5 transfer portal landing spots for TCU quarterback Josh Hoover

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The NCAA Transfer Portal claimed another big name on Thursday night.

TCU star quarterback Josh Hoover has announced he intends to move on from the program. Hoover spent the last four seasons with the Horned Frogs, taking over as the starter midway through the 2023 campaign and putting up big numbers in each of the last two years.

In 36 career games, Hoover has completed 771/1183 passes for 9,629 yards with 71 touchdowns to 33 interceptions. He added eight more scores on the ground. There’s a very real likelihood that Hoover’s the most productive quarterback returning to the sport in 2026.

Hoover ranks in the top 5 in TCU program history in touchdown passes and total offense. He’s expected to be a coveted option in the portal.

Where are five landing spots that make sense for Hoover?

Indiana Hoosiers

Indiana Hoosiers head coach Curt Cignetti

Indiana Hoosiers head coach Curt Cignetti | Adam Cairns/Columbus Dispatch / USA TODAY NETWORK via Imagn Images

Back in the College Football Playoff with a different starter for the second consecutive season, Indiana has put together one of the most impressive runs in the sport since Curt Cignetti took over the program.

The undefeated Hoosiers produced their first Heisman Trophy winner in school history last weekend as star quarterback Fernando Mendoza ran away with the award. Mendoza has another season of eligibility remaining, but is projected to be a top selection in the 2026 NFL Draft.

Indiana has already been linked to Hoover, per CBS Sports’ Chris Hummer.

Miami Hurricanes

Miami Hurricanes head coach Mario Cristobal

Miami Hurricanes head coach Mario Cristobal | Charles LeClaire-Imagn Images

Miami has lived in the transfer portal over the past few years, investing plenty of time and money into building a contender for Mario Cristobal. The moves finally worked out in 2025 as a massive financial commitment to secure Carson Beck from Georgia helped power the Hurricanes to the playoffs.

Though the conclusion of the 2024 season was a disappointment, former Miami quarterback Cam Ward was developed into the No. 1 pick in the most recent NFL Draft. Beck will likely get a shot at the professional level as well.

With little proven depth on the roster, it makes sense to bring in another experienced quarterback like Hoover to keep the Hurricanes on the right track. Miami has proven it’s willing to pay up.

Oregon Ducks

Oregon head coach Dan Lanning

Oregon head coach Dan Lanning | Ben Lonergan/The Register-Guard / USA TODAY NETWORK via Imagn Images

Oregon is a known quarterback factory, sending former stars such as Marcus Mariota and Justin Herbert to the NFL. That hasn’t changed since Dan Lanning took over the program in 2022.

The Ducks have had a quarterback drafted in back-to-back years, with Bo Nix going in the first round in 2024 and Dillon Gabriel being selected within the top-100 picks in 2025. Lanning could do it again next April with Dante Moore, who is nearing the end of a career year.

If Moore does leap to the professional level, Hoover would be a solid fit. Nix, Gabriel, and Moore all began their college careers at different schools and later transferred to Oregon, a similar path Hoover is embarking on.

Texas Tech Red Raiders

Texas Tech head coach Joey McGuire

Texas Tech head coach Joey McGuire | Nathan Giese/Avalanche-Journal / USA TODAY NETWORK via Imagn Images

Suiting up for a playoff contender is pretty cool. Having a chance to win championships and staying home in the process might be even cooler.

Texas Tech has firmly entrenched itself as a program to reckon with in the modern age of the sport. The Red Raiders have plenty of money, and they’ve shown they’re willing to use it to pull in elite talent from the transfer portal and high school ranks.

With Behren Morton exhausting his eligibility following the playoff run, Texas Tech has to decide if it wants to turn the program over to another transfer or a homegrown talent like Will Hammond.

Either way, Hoover is from Texas and he’s already in the state.

Houston Cougars

Houston Cougars head coach Willie Fritz

Houston Cougars head coach Willie Fritz | Mark J. Rebilas-Imagn Images

An outlier among four other programs that have a chance to win it all, Houston is on the come-up. The Cougars haven’t been shy about writing checks, evidenced by the program signing five-star quarterback Keisean Henderson during the Early Signing Period.

Redshirt junior starter Conner Weigman does have one season of eligibility remaining and has stated he intends to return next season. Decisions are quick to change in this era, so never say never.

Would Houston bring in Hoover while Henderson develops for a season? Or should the program stick with Weigman as a veteran leader for Henderson?

Weigman just joined the program as a transfer last year. He was fine, but unspectacular this fall, and an upgrade could help the Cougars break their ceiling.

Read more on College Football HQ

• $45 million college football head coach reportedly offers Lane Kiffin unexpected role

• Paul Finebaum believes one SEC school is sticking by an ‘average’ head coach

• SEC football coach predicts major change after missing College Football Playoff

• Predicting landing spots for the Top 5 college football transfers (Dec. 17)



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South Carolina Upstate visits Youngstown State after Carroll’s 31-point outing

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South Carolina Upstate Spartans (8-6) at Youngstown State Penguins (7-5, 2-1 Horizon League)

Youngstown, Ohio; Saturday, 1 p.m. EST

BOTTOM LINE: Youngstown State hosts South Carolina Upstate after Cris Carroll scored 31 points in Youngstown State’s 80-77 overtime loss to the Robert Morris Colonials.

The Penguins are 4-0 on their home court. Youngstown State scores 80.2 points and has outscored opponents by 10.9 points per game.

The Spartans are 2-5 on the road. South Carolina Upstate is fifth in the Big South scoring 79.6 points per game and is shooting 46.2%.

Youngstown State averages 10.4 made 3-pointers per game, 3.8 more made shots than the 6.6 per game South Carolina Upstate gives up. South Carolina Upstate has shot at a 46.2% rate from the field this season, 3.3 percentage points greater than the 42.9% shooting opponents of Youngstown State have averaged.

TOP PERFORMERS: Carroll averages 3.0 made 3-pointers per game for the Penguins, scoring 16.4 points while shooting 48.6% from beyond the arc. Rich Rolf is averaging 10.8 points over the last 10 games.

Mason Bendinger is scoring 16.1 points per game and averaging 3.1 rebounds for the Spartans. Carmelo Adkins is averaging 1.9 made 3-pointers over the last 10 games.

LAST 10 GAMES: Penguins: 6-4, averaging 81.3 points, 33.6 rebounds, 15.2 assists, 9.1 steals and 3.3 blocks per game while shooting 49.6% from the field. Their opponents have averaged 67.7 points per game.

Spartans: 5-5, averaging 75.4 points, 33.5 rebounds, 14.1 assists, 6.1 steals and 5.0 blocks per game while shooting 43.9% from the field. Their opponents have averaged 73.2 points.

___

The Associated Press created this story using technology provided by Data Skrive and data from Sportradar.



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Arch Manning agrees to reduced NIL share to help Texas build roster

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In a college football world where NIL numbers keep climbing, Arch Manning is going the other way.

Arch Manning #16 of the Texas Longhorns reacts before the Texas Football Orange-White Spring Football Game

Photo by Tim Warner/Getty Images

The Texas quarterback has agreed to take a reduced share from the Longhorns’ revenue-sharing pool for the 2026 season, according to Justin Wells of Inside Texas. Manning was entitled to a full portion of the program’s revenue cap but opted to scale it back in an effort to give Texas more flexibility to strengthen its roster.

It is a move that stands out in the current landscape. It is also one Manning can afford to make.

Manning remains one of the most marketable players in college football and has a long list of endorsement deals that will continue to pay handsomely. Even with less money coming directly from the school, he is still expected to earn millions in 2026.

This is not the first time he has shown restraint, either. Manning has consistently been selective with his NIL opportunities since arriving in Austin.

The timing matters. The 2026 season is widely expected to be Manning’s last at Texas before he makes the jump to the NFL. From that perspective, the decision is straightforward. He wants the best possible team around him for one more run at a national championship.

Manning has already demonstrated his commitment to the program. He waited his turn behind Quinn Ewers for two seasons without entertaining a transfer and now is willing to sacrifice a portion of his compensation for the good of the roster.

On the field, the growth showed. After a shaky start in 2025, Manning finished with 2,942 passing yards and 24 touchdowns. Texas rebounded from a 3-2 opening to win six of its final seven games, punctuated by a decisive win over Texas A&M.

It is not a common move. It is a very Arch Manning one.



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Miami WR Malachi Toney inks NIL deal with Hellstar

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Ahead of the College Football Playoff opener, Malachi Toney added a notable NIL deal. The Miami wide receiver has inked a partnership with apparel company Hellstar.

Toney is Hellstar’s first NIL athlete, the Los Angeles-based brand said in an Instagram post. He became a crucial part of the Hurricanes’ offense during the regular season, helping lead the program to a College Football Playoff appearance as the last team in the field.

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It was part of a decorated freshman year for Toney, who’s emerging as one of the top young stars in the sport. Repped by NETWORK, he has a $878,000 On3 NIL Valuation.

“We are so proud to announce our first Hellstar Sports College Athlete NIL signing – Malachi Toney,” Hellstar wrote in its announcement. “We had the privilege to coach @malitoney10 while he was apart of our high school 7 on 7 program, so now seeing him shine on the collegiate level we couldn’t be more proud.

“We will continue to do our part to help these young athletes stay on the right path, and shine their light to the rest of the world. From Liberty City to the stars!”

It’s the latest notable NIL deal for Toney amid his freshman season. He also secured a partnership with Leaf Trading Cards in October.

More on Malachi Toney’s freshman season

Through his freshman year at Miami, Malachi Toney emerged as a top target for Carson Beck. He led the Hurricanes with 84 receptions for 970 yards, and his seven touchdown catches put him atop the ACC. Toney also added 89 rushing yards this year, as well as a rushing touchdown against Louisville.

Those numbers helped Toney become an On3 True Freshman All-American this year. In addition, he was a central figure in Miami’s run to the College Football Playoff.

“Toney’s quickness and playmaking instincts make him dangerous after the catch. He accounted for 350 yards after the catch with an average depth of target of 6.6, according to Pro Football Focus,” On3 | Rivals’ Charles Power wrote. “Whether working out of the slot or moving around the formation, the South Florida native has proven nearly impossible to contain. His playmaking ability was pivotal to Miami’s playoff push as he became the focal point of the Hurricanes’ passing attack.

“Given his play as a true freshman, it’s safe to say the Fort Lauderdale American Heritage product will enter next season as one of college football’s premier wide receivers. Toney’s performance as a true freshman is even more impressive considering that he should still be in high school, having reclassified into the 2025 cycle late in the recruiting process.”





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