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UK study focuses on improving jockeys' mental health after injury

Jockeys are some of the most passionate, fearless people in the horse racing industry, but like any sport, injuries can happen. Most athlete populations have little trouble finding literature on how emotion management, coping strategies and moral support impacts athletes after an injury. When it comes to the horse racing industry, research on the psychological […]

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UK study focuses on improving jockeys' mental health after injury

Jockeys are some of the most passionate, fearless people in the horse racing industry, but like any sport, injuries can happen.

Most athlete populations have little trouble finding literature on how emotion management, coping strategies and moral support impacts athletes after an injury. When it comes to the horse racing industry, research on the psychological effects of injuries on jockeys is lacking

Kelley Renner is a graduate student at the University of Kentucky completing her master’s degree in sport and exercise psychology in the College of Education. Through her interest in working with jockeys and the horse racing industry, Renner began exploring the effects of injury on this group of athletes.

This spring, she presented her master’s thesis, “The Psychological Impacts in Exercise Riders and Professional Jockeys Following Injury.”

“I’ve always had an interest in post-injury experience and a passion for the equine industry, so I decided to combine the two,” Renner said. “One of my core values is compassion, and if I can help people with something, even if it’s just 1%, I want to try to do that. Not a lot of horse racing spectators know the ins and outs behind the scenes of what really goes on. So, I wanted to bring awareness to this group of athletes.”

The goal of her thesis is to begin unpacking this area that is underrepresented in research, specifically looking at the psychological effects jockeys face after an injury.

Renner conducted semistructured interviews with jockeys to gather information on specific emotions associated with post injury, coping strategies they use when facing an injury, what kind of support system they have and what they go through during the return to ride process.

From her analysis she created a model that outlines the athlete’s journey when it comes to the mental impact. In traditional athletes, post-injury, there is a timeline of when the injury occurs, to the recovery period and being cleared to return to the sport. She used this timeline as a guide for her model.

“Based off the themes in the traditional athlete injury timeline, that’s where I aligned the emotions that were specifically involved with each stage of injury occurrence,” Renner said. “So, for each phase of the timeline I explored the emotions the jockeys felt. For example, during the recovery phase, how might the emotions look different for jockeys compared to traditional athletes.”

Some of the most common injuries jockeys face are concussions, muscle tears or strains, shoulder dislocation and broken bones.

“What we know is a lot of them will try to hide their injuries,” said Michaela Keener, Ph.D., an assistant professor in the Sports Medicine Research Institute, Equestrian Athlete Initiative faculty in the UK College of Health Sciences and committee member for Renner’s thesis. “There’s a lot of pressure for them to return to riding, even if they are not feeling 100%. Racing is their livelihood to support themselves and often their families. They have a lot of pressure to get back on the horse a little too early.”

In general, the horse racing business can be very strict and demanding. It’s a competitive industry, it can cause a lot of stress and fear among the riders that they can be replaced at any moment.

“I’m feeling very mad, mad because they don’t care. They replace you very soon. You have an accident, and the next day another person is going to be over there. Nobody called. Nobody’s asking how you’re feeling,” said one of the jockeys who participated in the interview.

Renner’s analysis explains that a lot of these athletes come from outside of the United States, so most of the time they don’t have a support system nearby to lean on. The jockeys told her this is something they struggle with.

The athletes have a lot of powerful emotions, but with the lack of support feel like they have no one to talk to about it.

During her interviews, Renner asked the jockeys how they coped when an injury occurred, and sadly, suicidal thoughts were mentioned.

“I had one participant admit to attempting suicide once, so it’s important for people to grasp the severity of the situation here,” Renner said. “This is why we must research, advocate for the jockeys and provide resources.”

Although suicide is at the very extreme, it happens in the horse racing world more than people would think.

“Sometimes people who go to Keeneland and watch the pretty racehorses run just don’t know what’s happening behind the scenes,” said Ashley Samson, Ph.D., a professor in the Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion in the College of Education and chair for Renner’s thesis. “We aren’t trying to paint a horrible picture, but it’s not always pretty, and that’s the reality.”

Uniquely, Renner found that this group didn’t necessarily have a fear of reinjury, but instead, they mentioned being afraid that they might develop an anxiety around riding or racing.

“It’s the fear of having fear,” Renner said. “They know that if they are fearful, they cannot speak up about it, they feel like they must hide it. People are always told if you’re afraid to get on the horse, you should not get on that horse. But these athletes have a lot of pressure, so they feel like they have to regardless of if they have that gut feeling.”

They feel as though they don’t have a choice and must get on the horse to make their livelihood. The jockeys explained in their interviews that they don’t have anyone to talk to when they feel these emotions.

The culture of horse racing has a stigma around expressing feelings of mental health struggles. There is an unspoken rule that they shouldn’t talk about it, push it down and get back up on the horse.

Renner hopes that with her research, she can help with breaking the stigma and ensuring jockeys and other members of the industry have all the resources they need when it comes to taking care of their mental health.

“It’s a very difficult sport,” said another jockey who participated in the interview. “Mentally, this sport can drain you because you could be on top of the sky today, and tomorrow you’re only as good as your last race.”

Renner asked if any of the jockeys had experience in receiving help for their mental health or mental performance. Three out of four said no, they never have, but they all agreed that it would’ve been helpful if they would’ve had someone to talk to.

“The emphasis there is that we know that they want the help,” Renner said. “They are ready for it. It’s just the challenge of how we combat the stigma, the barriers and getting over that.”

Her data only focuses on four jockeys so far, but she feels confident that if she is able to gather more research from larger groups of jockeys, she can help them even more.

“With this research, Kelley is on the brink of something that can change the industry,” Keener said. “The Horseracing Integrity Safety Authority has recently worked with the Jockeys’ Guild to provide jockeys with 24-hour access to mental health services. As we see these resources become more available hopefully, more people will also be willing to talk to Kelley about their experiences.”

As more resources are offered to the athletes, their hopes are to begin to see a shift in the stigma around jockey mental health.

“The public needs to be more aware of these athletes, they’re often overlooked,” Renner said. “We can’t forget that these riders are human, it is a real person riding the horse. They all have a passion for riding, it’s what they love to do.”

Renner will continue to research and advocate for these athletes as she completes her master’s degree and will remain at UK to pursue her doctorate degree.

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2nd annual DJ Chark Youth Football Camp teaches young athletes the importance of mental health

ALEXANDRIA, La. (KALB) – Former ASH Trojan DJ Chark, hosted the 2nd annual DJ Chark youth football camp on Friday, June 28. Chark, an advocate for mental health awareness in sports, brought in guest speakers from around the community (including a few familiar faces) to speak with the young athletes about the importance of keeping […]

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2nd annual DJ Chark Youth Football Camp teaches young athletes the importance of mental health

ALEXANDRIA, La. (KALB) – Former ASH Trojan DJ Chark, hosted the 2nd annual DJ Chark youth football camp on Friday, June 28.

Chark, an advocate for mental health awareness in sports, brought in guest speakers from around the community (including a few familiar faces) to speak with the young athletes about the importance of keeping their mind healthy.

Through the Chark Family Foundation, vendors from around the community also gathered at the camp, helping connect the campers with new opportunities and resources right here in Alexandria.

The NFL Wide Receiver said he hopes to one day spread his message to anyone who might need a positive smile or even a shoulder to cry on.

Though several years have passed since Chark first made waves in Cenla with the ASH Trojans, he seems to not have lost sight of his home.

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Jarren Duran reveals shocking struggle with mental health amid breakthrough All

Jarren Duran’s Journey Through Triumph and Turmoil Jarren Duran’s ascent in Major League Baseball has been nothing short of remarkable. The Boston Red Sox outfielder, who dazzled fans with his electrifying performance last season, particularly during the All-Star Game where he earned the MVP title, has become a beacon of hope for the franchise. Yet, […]

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Jarren Duran reveals shocking struggle with mental health amid breakthrough All

Jarren Duran’s Journey Through Triumph and Turmoil

Jarren Duran’s ascent in Major League Baseball has been nothing short of remarkable. The Boston Red Sox outfielder, who dazzled fans with his electrifying performance last season, particularly during the All-Star Game where he earned the MVP title, has become a beacon of hope for the franchise. Yet, beneath the surface of his success lies a profound struggle that adds depth to his narrative and resonates with many.

A Breakthrough Season

Duran’s breakout year was marked by an impressive blend of skill and determination. His performance not only solidified his place in the lineup but also endeared him to the passionate Red Sox fanbase. The highlight of his season came during the midsummer classic, where he showcased his talents on a grand stage. With every swing of the bat and each sprint around the bases, Duran captured the essence of what it means to wear the iconic Red Sox uniform. His All-Star MVP accolade was a testament to his hard work and the promise of a bright future.

An Unexpected Revelation

However, this season has unfolded differently than many anticipated. In a candid moment shared during the documentary *The Clubhouse: A Year with the Red Sox*, Duran opened up about a personal battle that has lingered beneath his athletic achievements. He revealed that he had contemplated suicide, a shocking admission that highlights the often-overlooked mental health challenges faced by athletes, even those at the pinnacle of their careers. Duran’s vulnerability serves as a reminder that behind the glitz and glamour of professional sports, players grapple with their own demons.

The Importance of Mental Health Awareness

Duran’s revelation is particularly significant in today’s sports landscape, where mental health is increasingly recognized as a critical component of overall well-being. His story underscores the importance of creating supportive environments for athletes, where they can seek help without fear of stigma. By sharing his struggles, Duran not only humanizes his experience but also encourages others to confront their own challenges. His message resonates beyond the baseball diamond, emphasizing that mental health is a universal concern, deserving of attention and care.

Looking Ahead

As Duran continues to navigate the complexities of his career, his journey serves as a powerful narrative of resilience. The combination of his athletic prowess and his willingness to discuss mental health challenges positions him as a role model for both aspiring athletes and fans alike. The baseball community has an opportunity to rally around him, fostering a culture that prioritizes mental well-being alongside physical performance.

A Lasting Impact

In reflecting on Duran’s journey, it’s clear that his story transcends the realm of sports. It invites a broader conversation about mental health, urging society to break down barriers and support those in need. As he strives for excellence on the field, Duran’s courage in confronting his inner battles will undoubtedly inspire many, reminding us that true strength often lies in vulnerability. The future holds promise not only for Duran as an athlete but also for the ongoing dialogue surrounding mental health in sports, paving the way for a more compassionate and understanding environment.

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NCAA v. House Case Settlement Update and Impacts at UNO

University of Nebraska at Omaha (UNO) Chancellor Joanne Li, Ph.D., CFA, and Vice Chancellor / Director of Athletics Adrian Dowell shared the below update following the House v. NCAA settlement ruling: The recent court approval of the NCAA’s House settlement marks a historic shift in college athletics, with far-reaching impacts across the collegiate landscape, including […]

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NCAA v. House Case Settlement Update and Impacts at UNO

University of Nebraska at Omaha (UNO) Chancellor Joanne Li, Ph.D., CFA, and Vice Chancellor / Director of Athletics Adrian Dowell shared the below update following the House v. NCAA settlement ruling:

The recent court approval of the NCAA’s House settlement marks a historic shift in college athletics, with far-reaching impacts across the collegiate landscape, including the University of Nebraska at Omaha (UNO), and our peers in the Summit League and the National Collegiate Hockey Conference (NCHC).

Although we welcome the approval and intent of the settlement, our mission remains to protect the interests of our current student-athletes while honoring UNO’s core values as we transition to a new era.

Over the past year, UNO launched Title IX and education-related benefits reviews while working with internal and external experts to develop strategies that position our athletic programs for long-term success at the Division I level.

As a result of this strategic planning, university leadership has decided that UNO will not opt in to the terms of the House settlement for the 2025-2026 academic year, but will position the department to opt-in in future years when necessary. This decision reflects a strategic approach to preserve our sport portfolio and roster flexibility, respond to evolving policies and legal shifts, and invest directly in Maverick student-athletes under current NCAA rules, laying the groundwork for a smooth transition in the future.

Why UNO is not Opting in for 2025-2026

UNO’s plans for the 2025–2026 academic year, including rosters, operations, and financial benefits, are already firmly in place. Opting in at this stage would not change our implementation for the upcoming year. It would simply introduce new and unresolved variables at a time when clarity is critical, including:

  • Honoring Financial Commitments: UNO has finalized its rosters and delivered financial packages for student-athletes for the 2025–2026 academic year. This planning allowed us to leverage available NCAA mechanisms such as third-party NIL, education-related benefits (Alston awards), and cost-of-attendance stipends to enhance financial support within existing NCAA rules. Ironically, if we were to opt in, Alston awards would count as a form of revenue sharing toward the installed revenue sharing cap.

  • Title IX Considerations: Some peer institutions have decided to opt in as of late due to a recent change allowing schools to grandfather designated student athletes who otherwise would have lost their roster spots under the initial terms of the House settlement with impacts on enrollment and Title IX. However, UNO’s rosters are already closely aligned with the new limits based on our current sport portfolio, which allows us the flexibility to opt in when the time is right with minimal impact. We continue to follow expert guidance to ensure compliance and are confident in our ability to manage this transition strategically, including impacts on the university’s overall enrollment strategy.

  • Evolving Name, Image, and Likeness (NIL) Oversight: Under the House framework, NIL agreements over $600 must go through a new review process led by consulting firm Deloitte and the College Sports Commission (CSC), a new enforcement entity created by and governed by the “Autonomous 4” conferences which operates outside of the purview of the NCAA. This entity has new oversight, enforcement authority, and oversees potential penalties for non-compliance, but many details remain unclear. This includes how “range of compensation” is specifically determined, and CSC’s enforcement philosophy and mechanism for the upcoming year. As of today, the specific costs associated with this operation are unknown even as we enter a new fiscal year in the next three days.

  • International, Financial, Legal, and Considerations: International student-athletes are an important part of this discussion, with 15% of all Maverick student-athletes and 30% of student-athletes in revenue sport programs coming to UNO from abroad. Specifically, 80% of UNO’s hockey roster is international. Paying student-athletes directly brings added complexities, especially for international student-athletes. The impact of payments on their status remains unclear. It also raises tax questions that may impact financial aid packages. Another critical unknown is whether opting into the terms of the settlement also increases UNO’s legal exposure as a non-named defendant. Additionally, we want to remain mindful of how new terms of the settlement requirements regarding NIL disclosures interact with current State of Nebraska law.

Until there’s more clarity in each of these areas, it’s important that we proceed with caution.

Momentum and Strategic Investment in Student-Athletes

UNO is taking full advantage of every tool available under current NCAA rules to deliver meaningful support to student-athletes in competition and in the classroom at a level that meets or exceeds our peers. Even while opting out this year, UNO is doubling down on direct investment in student-athletes:

  • Beginning this year, thanks to generous donors and externally generated revenues, UNO will offer education-related benefits also known as “Alston awards.” As of the U.S. Supreme Court decision in 2021, Alston awards allow institutions to distribute up to $5,980 annually per student-athlete based on academic achievement and progress toward degree. For the upcoming year, the Hockey, Men’s and Women’s Basketball, Volleyball, Softball, and Women’s Soccer programs will have the ability to distribute these benefits. International student-athletes are able to take advantage of this benefit opportunity.

  • These awards are in addition to “cost of attendance” stipends, which UNO recently funded for our eight revenue sport programs to distribute to select student-athletes. Cost-of-attendance stipends are additional funds that help student-athletes cover everyday expenses not included in traditional scholarships, like room and board, required fees, and books.

  • This builds on UNO allocating the full amount of scholarships for revenue sport programs currently allowed by the NCAA for schools that have not opted into the settlement terms.

  • Thanks to our incredible partners with the Omaha Bull Market Collective, who have positively impacted our student-athletes since 2022, as well as our partnerships with Opendorse, Learfield, and Adidas, UNO has successfully built one of the most dynamic NIL ecosystems among our peers. For these reasons, Maverick student-athletes currently on our rosters have already significantly benefitted from NIL opportunities for the upcoming year.

As you can see, even while opting out, the financial resources Maverick student-athletes are receiving entering the 2025-2026 season position UNO as a leader among our peers.

Unmatched Holistic Support

In the spirit of UNO’s mission and values, Omaha Athletics has developed one of the most innovative and robust student-athlete support programs in the nation, including:

  • A comprehensive medical and team physician partnership with OrthoNebraska.

  • Integrated sport psychology, mental health, and sports nutrition services within Athletics.

  • A transformative Sports Science partnership with the UNO Sports Medicine and Biomechanics Lab, including three Ph.D. athletic training sports science fellowships and the Maverick Peak Performance Program funded through the Weitz Innovation and Excellence Fund.

  • A nutritional training table program for all female student-athletes and sport programs.

  • The implementation of Mav360, a UNO micro-credential that educates Maverick student-athletes in the areas of financial literacy, NIL, career preparation, and other development areas designed to holistically care for our students, ensuring Mavericks are equipped to succeed for life after sports.

  • Additionally, we are set to announce an expanded, first-of-its-kind, custom-built partnership with Opendorse, which will incorporate on-demand access to Opendorse experts, including daily engagement with a designated General Manager to provide NIL support for student-athletes and roster management support and data for our coaching staffs.

Excellence in Competition, Academics and in the Community

Over the past three years, Omaha Athletics has achieved unprecedented heights competing in 16 conference championship games, capturing 11 conference titles en route to eight NCAA tournament appearances.

In the classroom, student-athletes have maintained a 3.45+ cumulative GPA across three consecutive academic years and achieved a 95% Graduation Success Rate (GSR) with a 993 Academic Progress Rate (APR). In 2024–2025, Mavericks completed 4,579 hours of community service, ranking eighth nationally among all Division I programs. Eight teams finished in the top 10 of their sport in community engagement according to the Helper Helper report.

Together, these investments already offer one of the strongest student-athlete holistic experiences in Division I. Not if, but when we opt in to the settlement terms, it will only elevate a strong foundation already in place.

UNO’s approach is rooted in strategy, responsibility, and an unwavering belief in the transformative power of a successful student-athlete experience. By choosing flexibility now, we are preserving the environment that made this success possible while positioning Omaha Athletics to thrive in the years ahead.

Looking Ahead

As college athletics enter a new era, the strength of Omaha Athletics will be defined by the community that stands behind it. Your support through time, energy, and investment will help propel our student-athletes and programs to continue achieving unprecedented levels of success.

  • Invest in Maverick Momentum: Support from our stakeholders has never been more critical to the success of Omaha Athletics. Your contributions to the ONE Fund support scholarships, enhances facilities, and provides the resources Maverick student-athletes need to thrive.

  • Explore NIL Partnerships: Local businesses and organizations interested in working with student-athletes on NIL opportunities can connect through our partners at the Omaha Bull Market Collective or the Opendorse NIL Marketplace. These platforms help create meaningful partnerships that support student-athletes and strengthen our community.

  • Follow and Engage on Social Media: Based on information provided by Deloitte regarding NIL range of compensation parameters, following Maverick teams and student-athletes on social media directly impacts the ability of Maverick student-athletes to take full advantage of NIL opportunities. Now more than ever, your likes, shares, and support make a difference.

  • Get in the Game: There’s nothing like game day in Omaha. Get your tickets and bring the energy that fuels the championship caliber environment we need to continue competing for titles.

Thank you for standing with us. Your belief in Omaha Athletics and in the life-changing impact of the student-athlete experience fuels everything we do. We’re grateful for your continued support as we build future leaders that our university and the Omaha community can be proud of.

At the heart of our pursuit of excellence is a simple goal: Elevate UNO’s visibility to showcase the unmatched educational experience our campus offers and the incredible impact we have on our community, the state, and the country.

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The Hardest Parts are the Unknowns and 'What

The personal story is intended for informational purposes only. The National Blood Clot Alliance (NBCA) holds the rights to all content that appears on its website. The use by another organization or online group of any content on NBCA’s website, including patient stories that appear here, does not imply that NBCA is connected to these […]

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The Hardest Parts are the Unknowns and 'What

The personal story is intended for informational purposes only. The National Blood Clot Alliance (NBCA) holds the rights to all content that appears on its website. The use by another organization or online group of any content on NBCA’s website, including patient stories that appear here, does not imply that NBCA is connected to these other organizations or groups or condones or endorses their work. Please contact
info@stoptheclot.org with questions about this matter.

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A Tick Researcher’s Tips for Staying Safe Outdoors

This story was first published on June 7, 2019 The rise of Lyme disease cases in Pennsylvania has been alarming. There were 10,000 in 2018, and that’s more than in any other state. The illness can cause flu-like symptoms and a rash in its early stages, and if left untreated, more serious health issues like […]

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A Tick Researcher's Tips for Staying Safe Outdoors

This story was first published on June 7, 2019

The rise of Lyme disease cases in Pennsylvania has been alarming. There were 10,000 in 2018, and that’s more than in any other state. The illness can cause flu-like symptoms and a rash in its early stages, and if left untreated, more serious health issues like arthritis and nervous system disorders.

The best way to avoid Lyme disease is to avoid infected ticks which carry the bacteria that causes it.

So, The Allegheny Front’s Kara Holsopple arranged to meet an outdoor enthusiast who is serious about prevention. Jill Henning is an associate professor of biology at the University of Pittsburgh at Johnstown. She loves to be outside, whether she’s hiking with her young son, running, or just sitting on the grass.

Henning met up with Holsopple at the head of one of the trails on the rural campus for a hike, and to talk about preventing tick bites. Henning brought a backpack that belongs to her son. It contains all of the things you need for a hike: snack mix, a rattlesnake guide, a whistle. On the outside are the characters of the latest Avengers movie, and Henning said it was also treated with a product called permethrin.

LISTEN to their conversation


Kara Holsopple: What is permethrin?

Jill Henning: It’s based off of the chrysanthemum flower. It doesn’t necessarily repel ticks. It doesn’t keep them from getting on you. But once they do get on you, it creates something that we scientists like to call hot foot syndrome. So if you think about a human touching stove, you have that reflex to retract. Ticks will get on the clothing [treated] with permethrin, and then climb so far and release themselves. They’ll fall off of you.

KH: So we’re heading out. What would be the first thing you would do to prepare yourself?

JH: There are lots of products available to treat your clothing. I’d recommend permethrin-based products, although you can use essential oils like eucalyptus, lemongrass, thyme, rosemary and lavender.

There’s DEET, which I don’t recommend, only because it’s a known carcinogen.

Yes, ticks are a problem, but I don’t think you should let that bother you to the point where you don’t go outside.

What I do is treat my clothing outside, or spray them in a ventilated area, and then hang them to dry. That lasts for a few washes, so you don’t have to continually treat.

When my son was younger, I used a bandana. I would tie it around him, because I couldn’t treat his clothing. Anyone under three, it isn’t a good idea to use that kind of stuff.

I usually always wear long pants, even if it’s warm.

KH: You’ve got long socks on.

JH: I do, all the way up to my knees. Just in case they get on, the ticks will climb the sock, and it’ll take a little while to get to your skin.

KH: So we’re here at the trailhead. What happens here?

JH: If you’re using something essential oil-based, if you’re using something that you made yourself, there’s a good chance that you should apply it on a more regular basis. So for example, apply it right before you leave, and maybe an hour or so into it.

It’s best to walk in the center of the trail. Ticks like to attach themselves to long grasses, or in the brushy areas.

Actually, when I hike, I use a lavender-based deodorant, because ticks are likely to go to the armpits, the belly button, in between your legs, and behind your knees. It’s just an added layer of protection.

So while you’re hiking,

  • It’s important to know where you’re at, and it’s best to walk in the center of the trail. Ticks like to attach themselves to long grasses, or in the brushy areas.
  • They use the top two legs of their eight legs to sense for carbon dioxide, for their next victim, so to speak. They’ll use those to attach to you as you walk by.
  • Ticks are attracted to carbon dioxide, so the more that you hike, the more that you’re going to respire, and your heart rate will go up. The more CO2 you’re releasing, the better target you are.

KH: What if you’re not walking on a trail, or you have to cross over a meadow? What should you look out for?

JH: So there’s vegetation called Japanese barberry. It’s an invasive species, and that has been known to attract ticks.

The other thing that you need to worry about in a field like this would be the white-footed deer mouse, which is actually where ticks acquire the pathogen from. Their bedding is in places like this.

The best thing to do is just go through the field, make sure that you had your repellents on, and then check yourself for ticks on the other side.

KH: Which tick causes Lyme disease in people?

JH: The tick we’re referring to mostly is the black-legged tick, or its scientific name is Ixodes scapularis. It’s also known as the deer tick. It’s black at the top, and then below that is brown.

The ecology of this particular pathogen is that the deer ticks will lay their eggs on the deer, and they fall off. Then they’ll get into the white-footed deer mouse bedding areas. The larval stages and the nymphal stages will feed on the white-footed deer mouse, and that’s usually where they acquire the bacteria.

So then, that tick will move to a deer as an adult, and that’s where they’ll complete their life cycle. You can see a couple deer trails, if you look right there. You can see where they’ve walked through, because they tend to walk in single file line.

So I would avoid that [deer] path if I were to be hiking here.

KH: Tell me a little bit about your research. I know that you looked at the prevalence of Lyme disease and ticks in Pennsylvania.

JH: Some students from Pitt-Johnstown and I did a study in six counties in the southwestern region of the Game Commission lands here in Pennsylvania, and we found that one in three ticks carry the Lyme pathogen. We are collecting ticks again to redo that study, but what we’re seeing is that it’s holding.

One in three ticks carry the Lyme pathogen.

KH: It’s early June. When are ticks most likely to jump on you?

Laurel Highlands Hiking Trail. Photo: Reid R. Frazier

JH: Now. Between April and September, so the warmer months of the year are typically when you see individuals getting bitten by ticks. Although ticks can bite you at any time of the year.

Because people are out in more force in the warmer months, that’s when they’re more likely to be exposed.

But in the lifecycle of the tick, they can bite you at the nymphal stage, or in the adult stage. The very small nymphs are the ones that are typical typically difficult to see.

In my Avengers backpack, I carry a magnifying glass so that I can see if that’s a mole or if that’s a tick.

KH: What are some of the misconceptions that the public has about ticks and Lyme disease?

JH: I do a lot of community outreach with various different organizations, and one of the questions that I get often that surprises me is that they ask if spiders carry Lyme disease. I think that misconception is because ticks are arachnids, and when people hear the word arachnid, they tend to think “spider.” Spiders are not vectors. They do not transmit Lyme disease.

Individuals will have a flu-like or cold illness, fever, chills, and a little bit of tiredness or muscle pain and soreness.

Another misconception is that most people know that if they’re bitten by a tick, they get the characteristic bull’s eye rash, which is referred to as erythema migrans in medical terminology. But actually, only 70 percent of individuals who are bitten by a tick where that tick happens to transmit the Lyme pathogen will show that particular bull’s eye rash.

So it’s better to think about the symptoms that the body produces, other than that bull’s eye rash. For example, individuals will have a flu-like or cold illness, you’ll have fever, chills, and a little bit of tiredness or muscle pain and soreness. Some people will mistake that as a summer cold.

If you’ve been outside somewhere that you think is a high prevalence area for ticks, you should consider that Lyme disease could be something that’s happening.

KH: So we’re at the end of our hike, and we’re getting into a car or we’re going home. What should we do now?

JH: That’s a great question. A lot of people forget about that part.

If you’re unsure about how to pull the tick out, I would suggest spending the three dollars and buying the tick removal tool.

Yes, ticks are a problem, but I don’t think you should let that bother you to the point where you don’t go outside. There are lots of things that you can do to prevent getting Lyme disease, and even if you do get bitten by a tick, you can easily treat yourself by seeing your primary care physician.

So go outside. Just do it smart.

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Sports psychiatrist explains effect of heckling following incident involving Ketel Marte

PHOENIX (AZFamily) — Earlier this week, Arizona Diamondbacks star Ketel Marte was brought to tears by a heckler who reportedly made comments about his late mother during the team’s game against the Chicago White Sox. According to MLB.com, the spectator made a derogatory remark about Marte’s mother, who passed away in a car accident in […]

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Sports psychiatrist explains effect of heckling following incident involving Ketel Marte

PHOENIX (AZFamily) — Earlier this week, Arizona Diamondbacks star Ketel Marte was brought to tears by a heckler who reportedly made comments about his late mother during the team’s game against the Chicago White Sox.

According to MLB.com, the spectator made a derogatory remark about Marte’s mother, who passed away in a car accident in 2017.

Arizona’s Family spoke to sports psychiatrist Brook Choulet, M.D., about the effects inappropriate comments have on athletes’ mental health. She says this incident is a reminder that athletes are people, too, while viewers may sometimes see them just as performers.

“Because we’re watching them on TV, you forget and you lose touch that they go through a lot of the same things that we go through, stress, anxiety, family challenges. So to see this is such a human display of that person behind the sport,” she said.

D-backs manager Torey Lovullo consoled Marte after the fans’ outburst. Choulet explained this culture shift between coaches and players in today’s game versus years past.

“Before, it’s like suck it up, you know, just move on, focus on next play mentality, and now we’re really seeing coaches treating them as humans, too, beyond their sport,” she explained. “That’s the biggest thing I talk to athletes about is their identity is often tied to their sport. So when we can separate that athlete from the sport and see them and treat them as a person, I love to see that.”

Following the incident, many have shown support for the Diamondbacks and Marte, including the White Sox displaying a sign that read, “Baseball is family. The White Sox community supports Ketel Marte.”

Officials confirmed the heckler was banned from all Major League Baseball stadiums.

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